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International Journal of Approximate Reasoning

REALISM IN SPACE-TIME THEORY.

Junqi Wang

Published Jul 10, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The quantum space is both an important part of quantum mechanics and the core problem in the philosophy of quantum mechanics. Because the quantum objects, such as electron and photon, always moves at the speed close to that of light, it is inevitable to involve the inseparability between space and time and discuss the 4-dimensional space-time. In order to investigate the essence of space-time, we must approach to the realm of physical philosophy and discuss the core problem, i.e. the realism in the space-time theories. In this paper, we, combined the semantic and contextual analysis, analyze the development of realism in the development of quantum space-time theory.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.3379802

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The quantum space is both an important part of quantum mechanics and the core problem in the philosophy of quantum mechanics. Because the quantum objects, such as electron and photon, always moves at the speed close to that of light, it is inevitable to involve the inseparability between space and time and discuss the 4-dimensional space-time. In order to investigate the essence of space-time, we must approach to the realm of physical philosophy and discuss the core problem, i.e. the realism in the space-time theories. In this paper, we, combined the semantic and contextual analysis, analyze the development of realism in the development of quantum space-time theory.
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What ontology does realism about the quantum state suggest? The main extant view in contemporary philosophy of physics is wave-function realism. We elaborate the sense in which wave-function realism does provide an ontological picture, and defend it from certain objections that have been raised against it. However, there are good reasons to be dissatisfied with wave-function realism, as we go on to elaborate. This motivates the development of an opposing picture: what we call spacetime state realism, a view which takes the states associated to spacetime regions as fundamental. This approach enjoys a number of beneficial features, although, unlike wave-function realism, it involves non-separability at the level of fundamental ontology. We investigate the pros and cons of this non-separability, arguing that it is a quite acceptable feature, even one which proves fruitful in the context of relativistic covariance. A companion paper discusses the prospects for combining a spacetime-based ontology with separability, along lines suggested by Deutsch and Hayden. 1 Introduction2 Prolegomena3 Wave-function Realism4 Problems with Wave-function Realism5 Spacetime State Realism6 Locality7 Non-unitary Dynamics on the Spacetime Ontology8 Relativity and Poincaré Covariance9 Finding the Appearances10 Conclusion
The article examines the controversial relation of scientific realism with quantum mechanics. To this end, two distinct discussions are invoked: the discussion about ‘realism’ in the context of quantum mechanics and the discussion about ‘scientific realism’ in the context of the general philosophy of science. The aim is to distinguish them in order, first, to argue that the former—revolving around ‘local realism’ and the theorems of Bell and Kochen–Specker—unjustifiably identifies realism with features of a particular worldview, and thereby fosters the impression that the failure of ‘local realism’ in quantum experiments constitutes a failure of scientific realism too; and, second, in light of the latter discussion, to claim that scientific realism and quantum mechanics can be compatible—there is ground for dealing with quantum measurement simply as a physical mind-independent interaction. Therefore, a realist approach to the theory is possible despite its notorious measurement problem, even if the issue of its interpretation is still disputed.
This book “Foundation of quantum mechanics in Dual 4-dimension space-time——The spacetime origin of quantum probability,” is a new exploration discussing the physical foundations of quantum mechanics. It contains two parts. One is the interactive realism, the other is the quantum mechanical description of the dual-4 dimensional spacetime. The first one is the philosophical basis of the second. The author thought that the conventional mass-point model is no long proper for the microscopic quantum world. The author used the movement of the rotating matter wave sphere in complex space to deduce the de Broglie matter-wave formula, and pulled the metaphysical hypothesis of the wave function back into the real physical realism. A matte wave is the physical wave, and it has potential applications. The matter wave transfers in the dual-4 dimensional complex space-time, and the complex number enters the cognition domain of space-time intrinsically. The author pointed out that, the state of a moving microscopic object is the combination of its eigen-states from quantum slicing, coherent hence; after quantum measurement, projected into the real 4-dimensional space-time and showing a probability distribution of point particles. Before and after the quantum measurement, the object is not in the same cognition level, nor the same physical space-time, and the Hilbert space is just their common math application space. The quantum measurement induces the transition of the microscopic object in space-time, manifestation, physical model, and theoretical structure, and the quantum probability comes from the space distribution of the field matter sphere, representing the transition from dual-4 complex to real 4-dimensional space-time, and the sphere to the point model. Physical phenomena, phenomenal entity, physical space-time, physical model, and theoretical structure all must consist intrinsically in logic. These are changing with the change of human cognition, embodying the unity of the human being and the nature. Dual-4 dimensional space-time quantum mechanics gives the wave function the physical realism. So, the concepts of the quantum entanglement, quantum communication and quantum teleportation all may be clarified and understood physically. The book is self-consistent with detailed justification, wherein the interactive realism concept is a new innovation.
Disputes on the foundations of Quantum Mechanics often involve the conception of reality, without a clear definition on which aspect of this broad concept of reality one refers. We provide an overview of conceptions of reality in classical physics, in philosophy of science and in Quantum Mechanics and its interpretations and analyse their differences and subtleties. Structural realism as conception in philosophy of science will turn out to be a promising candidate to settle old problems regarding the conception of reality in Quantum Mechanics. We amend the analysis of three main interpretations and their relation to structural realism by three well-known informational approaches in the interpretations of Quantum Mechanics. Last we propose an additional class of structural realism supported by QBism.