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Quantum public-key cryptosystem with two indistinguishable quantum states

Jiangyou Pan, Yang Li

Published Jun 2, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We propose a definition for the information theoretic security of a quantum public-key encryption scheme, and present bit-oriented and two-bit-oriented encryption schemes satisfying our security definition via the introduction of a new public-key algorithm structure. We extend the scheme to a multi-bitoriented one, and conjecture that it is also information theoretically secure, depending directly on the structure of our new algorithm.

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We propose a definition for the information theoretic security of a quantum public-key encryption scheme, and present bit-oriented and two-bit-oriented encryption schemes satisfying our security definition via the introduction of a new public-key algorithm structure. We extend the scheme to a multi-bitoriented one, and conjecture that it is also information theoretically secure, depending directly on the structure of our new algorithm.
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We investigate the definition of security for encryption scheme in quantum context. We systematically define the indistinguishability and semantic security for quantum public-key and private-key encryption schemes, and for computational security, physical security and information-theoretic security. Based on our definition, we present a necessary and sufficient condition that leads to information-theoretic indistinguishability for quantum encryption scheme. The equivalence between the indistinguishability and semantic security of quantum encryption scheme is also proved.
We propose two definitions of quantum one-way transformation and quantum trapdoor one-way transformation beyond computational hypothesis, and give four examples. Then, we present a general way to construct a quantum public-key encryption scheme from a quantum one-way transformation and a quantum trapdoor oneway transformation, and give a concrete example which is quantum-message-oriented. The security of this kind of encryption schemes is based on the one-way property of quantum one-way transformation and quantum trapdoor one-way transformation, and this kind of schemes is information-theoretically secure.