There is no doubt artificial intelligence and machine learning have been significantly modifying the scientific and technological landscape, as well as society at large, over the last decade. Search engines, autonomous cars, language and speech translators, as well as image classifiers are only some possibilities this discipline enables and there is certainly more to come in the near future. Significant research efforts have been dedicated in the direction of quantum computing, a topic that has been receiving ever-growing attention from governmental institutions, multinational companies, and academics. A scalable quantum computer could offer unprecedented computational capabilities, enabling a revolution in information processing and transmission. Among the various approaches, quantum machine learning has emerged as an utterly successful method to better control and understand quantum systems, benefitting from machine learning algorithms, while relying on quantum processors to accelerate machine learning tasks. When coupled with biomimetics, an area of science that aims at imitating biological systems in order to design more efficient artificial devices, quantum biomimetics arises as a novel field that bridges the gap between natural selection in bio systems and engineering processes in quantum devices with one ultimate goal: The replication of biological behaviors in quantum controllable systems, what we call “bioinspired quantum technologies”. We believe that this Special Issue will shed light on unexplored areas up to now, acting as the precursor for further exciting research in the field of bioinspired quantum technologies.
There is no doubt artificial intelligence and machine learning have been significantly modifying the scientific and technological landscape, as well as society at large, over the last decade. Search engines, autonomous cars, language and speech translators, as well as image classifiers are only some possibilities this discipline enables and there is certainly more to come in the near future. Significant research efforts have been dedicated in the direction of quantum computing, a topic that has been receiving ever-growing attention from governmental institutions, multinational companies, and academics. A scalable quantum computer could offer unprecedented computational capabilities, enabling a revolution in information processing and transmission. Among the various approaches, quantum machine learning has emerged as an utterly successful method to better control and understand quantum systems, benefitting from machine learning algorithms, while relying on quantum processors to accelerate machine learning tasks. When coupled with biomimetics, an area of science that aims at imitating biological systems in order to design more efficient artificial devices, quantum biomimetics arises as a novel field that bridges the gap between natural selection in bio systems and engineering processes in quantum devices with one ultimate goal: The replication of biological behaviors in quantum controllable systems, what we call “bioinspired quantum technologies”. We believe that this Special Issue will shed light on unexplored areas up to now, acting as the precursor for further exciting research in the field of bioinspired quantum technologies.
Abstract Quantum machine learning has emerged as an exciting and promising paradigm inside quantum technologies. It may permit, on the one hand, to carry out more efficient machine learning calculations by means of quantum devices, while, on the other hand, to employ machine learning techniques to better control quantum systems. Inside quantum machine learning, quantum reinforcement learning aims at developing ‘intelligent’ quantum agents that may interact with the outer world and adapt to it, with the strategy of achieving some final goal. Another paradigm inside quantum machine learning is that of quantum autoencoders, which may allow one for employing fewer resources in a quantum device via a training process. Moreover, the field of quantum biomimetics aims at establishing analogies between biological and quantum systems, to look for previously inadvertent connections that may enable useful applications. Two recent examples are the concepts of quantum artificial life, as well as of quantum memristors. In this Perspective, we give an overview of these topics, describing the related research carried out by the scientific community.
Quantum computing has emerged as one of the most promising technologies capable of solving computational problems beyond the capabilities of classical computers. When integrated with Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum Machine Learning (QML) offers new possibilities for accelerating data processing, optimizing complex models, and improving predictive performance. Unlike conventional machine learning algorithms that rely solely on classical computation, QML leverages quantum phenomena such as superposition, entanglement, and quantum interference to perform computations more efficiently. This paper presents a comprehensive review of Quantum Machine Learning, discussing its architecture, core algorithms, applications, benefits, limitations, and future research directions. The study highlights the potential of QML in healthcare, cybersecurity, financial analytics, scientific research, and optimization problems. Additionally, the paper examines the challenges associated with quantum hardware, scalability, error correction, and algorithm development. The findings suggest that although Quantum Machine Learning remains in its early stages, it represents a transformative technology that may redefine intelligent computing over the coming decades.
Quantum information technologies, on the one hand, and intelligent learning systems, on the other, are both emergent technologies that are likely to have a transformative impact on our society in the future. The respective underlying fields of basic research-quantum information versus machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI)-have their own specific questions and challenges, which have hitherto been investigated largely independently. However, in a growing body of recent work, researchers have been probing the question of the extent to which these fields can indeed learn and benefit from each other. Quantum ML explores the interaction between quantum computing and ML, investigating how results and techniques from one field can be used to solve the problems of the other. Recently we have witnessed significant breakthroughs in both directions of influence. For instance, quantum computing is finding a vital application in providing speed-ups for ML problems, critical in our 'big data' world. Conversely, ML already permeates many cutting-edge technologies and may become instrumental in advanced quantum technologies. Aside from quantum speed-up in data analysis, or classical ML optimization used in quantum experiments, quantum enhancements have also been (theoretically) demonstrated for interactive learning tasks, highlighting the potential of quantum-enhanced learning agents. Finally, works exploring the use of AI for the very design of quantum experiments and for performing parts of genuine research autonomously, have reported their first successes. Beyond the topics of mutual enhancement-exploring what ML/AI can do for quantum physics and vice versa-researchers have also broached the fundamental issue of quantum generalizations of learning and AI concepts. This deals with questions of the very meaning of learning and intelligence in a world that is fully described by quantum mechanics. In this review, we describe the main ideas, recent developments and progress in a broad spectrum of research investigating ML and AI in the quantum domain.
Artificial intelligence is dramatically reshaping scientific research and is coming to play an essential role in scientific and technological development by enhancing and accelerating discovery across multiple fields. This book dives into the interplay between artificial intelligence and the quantum sciences; the outcome of a collaborative effort from world-leading experts. After presenting the key concepts and foundations of machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, its applications in quantum chemistry and physics are presented in an accessible way, enabling readers to engage with emerging literature on machine learning in science. By examining its state-of-the-art applications, readers will discover how machine learning is being applied within their own field and appreciate its broader impact on science and technology. This book is accessible to undergraduates and more advanced readers from physics, chemistry, engineering, and computer science. Online resources include Jupyter notebooks to expand and develop upon key topics introduced in the book.
Quantum information technologies, and intelligent learning systems, are both emergent technologies that will likely have a transforming impact on our society. The respective underlying fields of research -- quantum information (QI) versus machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) -- have their own specific challenges, which have hitherto been investigated largely independently. However, in a growing body of recent work, researchers have been probing the question to what extent these fields can learn and benefit from each other. QML explores the interaction between quantum computing and ML, investigating how results and techniques from one field can be used to solve the problems of the other. Recently, we have witnessed breakthroughs in both directions of influence. For instance, quantum computing is finding a vital application in providing speed-ups in ML, critical in our "big data" world. Conversely, ML already permeates cutting-edge technologies, and may become instrumental in advanced quantum technologies. Aside from quantum speed-up in data analysis, or classical ML optimization used in quantum experiments, quantum enhancements have also been demonstrated for interactive learning, highlighting the potential of quantum-enhanced learning agents. Finally, works exploring the use of AI for the very design of quantum experiments, and for performing parts of genuine research autonomously, have reported their first successes. Beyond the topics of mutual enhancement, researchers have also broached the fundamental issue of quantum generalizations of ML/AI concepts. This deals with questions of the very meaning of learning and intelligence in a world that is described by quantum mechanics. In this review, we describe the main ideas, recent developments, and progress in a broad spectrum of research investigating machine learning and artificial intelligence in the quantum domain.
[EN] In a world in which accessible information grows exponentially, the selection of the appropriate information turns out to be an extremely relevant problem. In this context, the idea of Machine Learning (ML), a subfield of Artificial Intelligence, emerged to face problems in data mining, pattern recognition, automatic prediction, among others. Quantum Machine Learning is an interdisciplinary research area combining quantum mechanics with methods of ML, in which quantum properties allow for an exponential speed-up in the algorithms. This field is currently one of the main research areas in companies like Google and Microsoft, due to the revolution that they could provide in data management.