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Physical Review B

Dephasing in the adiabatic rapid passage in quantum dots: Role of phonon-assisted biexciton generation

Krzysztof Gawarecki, Sebastian Lüker, Doris E. Reiter, T. Kühn, Martin Glässl, V. M. Axt, Anna Grodecka-Grad, Paweł Machnikowski

Published Dec 3, 2012• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the evolution of an exciton confined in a quantum dot adiabatically controlled by a frequency-swept (chirped) laser pulse in the presence of carrier-phonon coupling. We focus on the dynamics induced by a linearly polarized beam and analyze the decoherence due to phonon-assisted biexciton generation. We show that if the biexciton state is shifted down by a few meV, as is typically the case, then the resulting decoherence is strong even at low temperatures. As a result, efficient state preparation is restricted to a small parameter area corresponding to low temperatures, positive chirps, and moderate pulse areas.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.86.235301

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We study the evolution of an exciton confined in a quantum dot adiabatically controlled by a frequency-swept (chirped) laser pulse in the presence of carrier-phonon coupling. We focus on the dynamics induced by a linearly polarized beam and analyze the decoherence due to phonon-assisted biexciton generation. We show that if the biexciton state is shifted down by a few meV, as is typically the case, then the resulting decoherence is strong even at low temperatures. As a result, efficient state preparation is restricted to a small parameter area corresponding to low temperatures, positive chirps, and moderate pulse areas.
We study the evolution of an exciton confined in a quantum dot adiabatically controlled by a frequency-swept (chirped) laser pulse in the presence of carrier-phonon coupling. We focus on the dynamics induced by a linearly polarized beam and analyze the decoherence due to phonon-assisted biexciton generation. We show that if the biexciton state is shifted down by a few meV, as is typically the case, the resulting decoherence is strong even at low temperatures. As a result, efficient state preparation is restricted to a small parameter area corresponding to low temperatures, positive chirps and moderate pulse areas.
Abstract We study the evolution of a quantum dot controlled by a frequency‐swept (chirped), linearly polarized laser pulse in the presence of carrier‐phonon coupling. The final occupation of the exciton state is limited both due to phonon‐induced transitions between the adiabatic spectral branches and because of phonon‐assisted transitions to the biexcitostate. When the biexciton shift is large enough, the quantum dot can be modeled as a two‐level system, which corresponds to excitation with circularly polarized light. For this case, we compare different methods of simulations: (i) a time convolutionless method, (ii) correlation expansion and (iii) path integrals. We show that results obtained from these methods agree perfectly at temperatur. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
We demonstrate adiabatic rapid passage on a subpicosecond time scale in a single semiconductor quantum dot, enabling the exploration of a regime of strong (and rapidly varying) Rabi energies for optical control of excitons. An observed dependence of the exciton inversion efficiency on the sign of the pulse chirp demonstrates the dominance of phonon-mediated dephasing, which is suppressed for positive chirp at low temperature. Our findings will support the realization of dynamical decoupling strategies and suggest that multiphonon emission and/or non-Markovian effects should be taken into account.
The interest in the optical control of exciton states in a quantum dot (QD) has been stimulated by recent experiments, where the QD was controlled either by means of Rabi oscillations or by using chirped laser pulses exploiting the adiabatic rapid passage (ARP). On pp. 1210–1213, Gawarecki and coworkers investigate the exciton dynamics in a quantum dot adiabatically controlled by a frequency-swept (chirped), linearly polarized laser pulse in the presence of carrier–phonon coupling. The final occupation of the exciton state is limited both due to phonon-induced transitions between the adiabatic spectral branches and because of phonon-assisted transitions to the biexciton state. When the biexciton shift is large enough, the quantum dot can be modeled as a two-level system, which corresponds to excitation with circularly polarized light. For this case the authors compare the results obtained from three different simulation methods, namely time-convolutionless method (TCL), correlation expansion (CE) and path integrals (PI). The results obtained from CE and PI show very good agreement, even at T = 50 K. The TCL agrees perfectly with the other two methods at low temperatures and agrees reasonably at moderate temperatures, but at high temperatures a mismatch of up to 30% was found.
Excitation of a semiconductor quantum dot with a chirped laser pulse allows excitons to be created by rapid adiabatic passage. In quantum dots this process can be greatly hindered by the coupling to phonons. Here we add a high chirp rate to ultrashort laser pulses and use these pulses to excite a single quantum dot. We demonstrate that we enter a regime where the exciton-phonon coupling is effective for small pulse areas, while for higher pulse areas a decoupling of the exciton from the phonons occurs. We thus discover a reappearance of rapid adiabatic passage, in analogy to the predicted reappearance of Rabi rotations at high pulse areas. The measured results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations.