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Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)

Pairwise Mode-Locking of Coupled Parametric Oscillators

Leon Bello, Yaakov Shaked, Avi Pe’er

Published Jan 1, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We present a source of broadband and bright, squeezed-light, using active coupling of two parametric oscillators. We demonstrate this design in a radio-frequency experiment, achieving pairwise mode-locking across the entire bandwidth between DC and the pump.
DOI
10.1364/qim.2017.qt6a.4

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Type II optical parametric oscillators are amongst the highest-quality sources of quantum-correlated light. In particular, when pumped above threshold, such devices generate a pair of bright orthogonally-polarized beams with strong continuous-variable entanglement. However, these sources are of limited practical use, because the entangled beams emerge with different frequencies and a diffusing phase difference. It has been proven that the use of an internal wave-plate coupling the modes with orthogonal polarization is capable of locking the frequencies of the emerging beams to half the pump frequency, as well as reducing the phase-difference diffusion, at the expense of reducing the entanglement levels. In this work we characterize theoretically an alternative locking mechanism: the injection of a laser at half the pump frequency. Apart from being less invasive, this method should allow for an easier real-time experimental control. We show that such an injection is capable of generating the desired phase locking between the emerging beams, while still allowing for large levels of entanglement. Moreover, we find an additional region of the parameter space (at relatively large injections) where a mode with well defined polarization is in a highly amplitude-squeezed state.
The unique coherence and squeezing properties of high-power broadband down-converted light are very attractive for basic research in quantum optics as well as for applications. However, efficient sources did not exist until now, because of the need to stimulate the down-conversion process in a cavity, where mode competition narrows the spectrum drastically. Here we present the design of a low threshold optical parametric oscillator source that oscillates over the entire bandwidth allowed by phase matching. Two-photon absorption is exploited as a selective loss mechanism to suppress mode competition and achieve a broadband oscillation. The main theme of the design is to perform pairwise mode-locking of many frequency pairs, in direct equivalence to passive mode-locking of ultrashort pulsed lasers. We demonstrate the underlying principles of our design in an experiment with an oscillator cavity.