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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Ultra Broadband Squeezing and Pairwise Mode-Locking of Coupled Parametric Oscillators

Leon Bello, Yaakov Shaked, Avi Pe’er

Published Jan 1, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a source of bright and broadband, squeezed-light, using active coupling of two parametric oscillators. We demonstrate this design in a radio-frequency experiment, achieving pairwise mode-locking across the entire bandwidth between DC and the pump.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2018.fm1g.7

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The unique coherence and squeezing properties of high-power broadband down-converted light are very attractive for basic research in quantum optics as well as for applications. However, efficient sources did not exist until now, because of the need to stimulate the down-conversion process in a cavity, where mode competition narrows the spectrum drastically. Here we present the design of a low threshold optical parametric oscillator source that oscillates over the entire bandwidth allowed by phase matching. Two-photon absorption is exploited as a selective loss mechanism to suppress mode competition and achieve a broadband oscillation. The main theme of the design is to perform pairwise mode-locking of many frequency pairs, in direct equivalence to passive mode-locking of ultrashort pulsed lasers. We demonstrate the underlying principles of our design in an experiment with an oscillator cavity.
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Type II optical parametric oscillators are amongst the highest-quality sources of quantum-correlated light. In particular, when pumped above threshold, such devices generate a pair of bright orthogonally-polarized beams with strong continuous-variable entanglement. However, these sources are of limited practical use, because the entangled beams emerge with different frequencies and a diffusing phase difference. It has been proven that the use of an internal wave-plate coupling the modes with orthogonal polarization is capable of locking the frequencies of the emerging beams to half the pump frequency, as well as reducing the phase-difference diffusion, at the expense of reducing the entanglement levels. In this work we characterize theoretically an alternative locking mechanism: the injection of a laser at half the pump frequency. Apart from being less invasive, this method should allow for an easier real-time experimental control. We show that such an injection is capable of generating the desired phase locking between the emerging beams, while still allowing for large levels of entanglement. Moreover, we find an additional region of the parameter space (at relatively large injections) where a mode with well defined polarization is in a highly amplitude-squeezed state.
Optical parametric amplification generates squeezed light in device-specific sets of time-frequency eigenmodes, and it has been widely accepted that detection and utilization of squeezing must comply with this modal constraint. We show that this constraint can be considerably relaxed under the continuous-wave pump and broadband phase-matching approximation, where the modal decomposition is non-unique. Specifically, any time-frequency mode with “self-conjugated” spectral symmetry can approximate a squeezing eigenmode, and partial homodyne detection can herald squeezing in arbitrary time-frequency modes. We demonstrate this using a high-efficiency, low-loss all-fiber source, measuring 4.38 ± 0.11 dB and 0.88 ± 0.09 dB squeezing on partially coherent and chaotic self-conjugated modes, respectively. Using a bichromatic self-conjugated mode with reduced local-oscillator noise, we achieve 7.50 ± 0.12 dB squeezing, which represents the highest level reported for fully guided-wave squeezing sources based on χ(2) and χ(3) nonlinearities. Squeezed light enhances precision in quantum technologies. Here, authors demonstrate an all-fiber source achieving 7.5 dB squeezing in self-conjugated modes, enabling reconfigurable quantum light in arbitrary time-frequency modes using standard telecom components.
Squeezed light sources are crucial components of emerging quantum technologies for computing, communications, and measurement. The direct generation of squeezed light inside optical fibre is of particular interest due to minimal material loss, desirable mode properties and compatibility with long-distance optical networks. Squeezing of bright coherent-state laser pulses in fibre is regularly achieved via the Kerr effect, but this is not readily extensible to the continuous-wave (CW) and null-mean field regimes, and the maximum measurable squeezing is degraded by various noise processes around the common pump/signal wavelength [1].