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Estudio de la interacción de un láser con un ion atrapado

Jose Manuel Vargas Martinez

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations

Abstract

Actually it is possible to trap single ions in Paul or Penning traps, charged particles are confined in space via electromagnetic fields. A trapped ion can have a lot vibrational energy which is undesirable in some applications. In this thesis, starting from the Hamiltonian of a trapped ion in a harmonic potential, it is shown that is possible to get Jaynes-Cummings and anti- Jaynes- Cummings¬like transitions in the intermediate intensity regime, that is, adjusting the intensity of the laser that induce the coupling between the intemal and vibrational states of the ion proportionally to the vibrational frequency of the ion; these transitions are useful because make possible to extract the vibrational energy. In our treatment we consider that the ion and the laser are in resonance what eliminate the need of using tuned lasers.\nAlso, the problem of a trapped ion in a trap with time-dependent parameters interacting with a laser field is analyzed. By using a set of time-dependent unitary transformations is shown that this system is equivalent to the interaction between a quantized field and a two level system with time dependent parameters. The Hamiltonian is linearized in such a way that can be solved with methods that are found in some papers and that involve time-dependent parameters. The linearization is free of approximations and assumptions on the parameters of the system as are, for instance, the Lamb-Dicke parameter, the time-dependency of the frequency trap and the detuning, with what we can obtain the best solution for this kind of sytem.

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Actually it is possible to trap single ions in Paul or Penning traps, charged particles are confined in space via electromagnetic fields. A trapped ion can have a lot vibrational energy which is undesirable in some applications. In this thesis, starting from the Hamiltonian of a trapped ion in a harmonic potential, it is shown that is possible to get Jaynes-Cummings and anti- Jaynes- Cummings¬like transitions in the intermediate intensity regime, that is, adjusting the intensity of the laser that induce the coupling between the intemal and vibrational states of the ion proportionally to the vibrational frequency of the ion; these transitions are useful because make possible to extract the vibrational energy. In our treatment we consider that the ion and the laser are in resonance what eliminate the need of using tuned lasers.\nAlso, the problem of a trapped ion in a trap with time-dependent parameters interacting with a laser field is analyzed. By using a set of time-dependent unitary transformations is shown that this system is equivalent to the interaction between a quantized field and a two level system with time dependent parameters. The Hamiltonian is linearized in such a way that can be solved with methods that are found in some papers and that involve time-dependent parameters. The linearization is free of approximations and assumptions on the parameters of the system as are, for instance, the Lamb-Dicke parameter, the time-dependency of the frequency trap and the detuning, with what we can obtain the best solution for this kind of sytem.

Starting from the Jaynes-Cummings (J-C) model describing the interaction of a trapped ion with a standing-wave laser field, we derive the interaction Hamiltonian on the nonlinear J-C model of the trapped ion excitated resonantly with 1-quantum vibrational mode. After solving the time-dependent states of this model, we study the evolution of population inversion for the ion numerically. It is shown that the period of the quantum collapse and revival of the population inversionis related with the Lamb-Dick parameter and the position of the ion in the standing-wave laser field. With the increasing of the parameter, it will decrease the period of the collapse and revival. When moving the ion from the node of the standing-wave laser to the antinode, the period of the collapse and revival becomes longer.

Starting from the Jaynes-Cummings(J-C) model describing the interaction of a trapped ion with a standing wave laser field,we derive the interaction Hamiltonian on the nonlinear J-C model of the trapped ion excited resonantly with single quantum vibrational mode.After solving the time dependent states of this model,we study the ion centroid motion of squeezing effects by utilizing the ion numerical model.It is shown that the ion squeezing effects is related with the Lamb-Dicke parameter and the position of the ion in the standing wave laser field.

We present a second-order perturbative analysis of the model describing a two-level trapped ion interacting with a travelling laser field, in the Lamb–Dicke regime. Unlike the customary approach, based on the interaction picture and the rotating wave approximation, we reduce the original Hamiltonian to a time-independent model, unitarily equivalent to a spin-boson model, which features a form well suited to apply the perturbation theory. We determine the first- and second-order corrections of eigenstates and eigenvalues. By varying the interaction parameters we identify four regimes characterized by different eigenvalue distributions (possibly including level doublets) and suggest the presence of an intermediate regime where the spectrum undergoes macroscopic changes. In this regime, where the perturbation approach does not hold, our reduced Hamiltonian is shown to reproduce the Jaynes–Cummings model.