Physical Review A

Optical spectroscopy of nP Rydberg states of Rb87 atoms with a 297-nm ultraviolet laser

Bo Li, Meng Li, Xiaojun Jiang, Jun Qian, Xiaolin Li, Liang Liu, Yuzhu Wang

Published Apr 5, 2019• 17 citations

Abstract

We report the measurement of the absolute transition frequencies of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms to the $n{P}_{1/2}$ ($n=34--52$) and $n{P}_{3/2}$ ($n=34--90$) Rydberg states by performing single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy in a vapor cell. Rydberg transitions were detected by monitoring the transmission of a 780-nm probe beam. Based on the spectroscopic data, we determined the fine-splitting intervals and oscillator-strength ratios of the $nP$ doublets and also extracted the quantum defects and ionization frequency. These results extend the spectroscopic information of the $nP$ Rydberg series, providing basic knowledge for further applications to Rydberg atoms.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.99.042502

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Physical Review AAug 1, 197969 citations

Physical Review A

Optical spectroscopy of nP Rydberg states of Rb87 atoms with a 297-nm ultraviolet laser

Bo Li, Meng Li, Xiaojun Jiang, Jun Qian, Xiaolin Li, Liang Liu, Yuzhu Wang

Published Apr 5, 2019• 17 citations

Publisher

Abstract

We report the measurement of the absolute transition frequencies of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms to the

n{P}_{1/2}

(

n=34--52

) and

n{P}_{3/2}

(

n=34--90

) Rydberg states by performing single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy in a vapor cell. Rydberg transitions were detected by monitoring the transmission of a 780-nm probe beam. Based on the spectroscopic data, we determined the fine-splitting intervals and oscillator-strength ratios of the

nP

doublets and also extracted the quantum defects and ionization frequency. These results extend the spectroscopic information of the

nP

Rydberg series, providing basic knowledge for further applications to Rydberg atoms.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.99.042502

Related papers

Measurement of 85Rb nP-state transition frequencies via single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy

Meng Li, Bo Li, Xiaojun Jiang +3 more

We report the measurement of transition frequencies of Rb85 atoms in a room-temperature vapor cell to nP1/2 (n=34–53) and nP3/2 (n=34–87) Rydberg levels by observing single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy. Based on the spectroscopic data, we determine quantum defects that are in good agreement with previous measurements of low-lying Rydberg states. Furthermore, the residuals between observed and calculated values of fine-splitting intervals in our experiments are found to be less than 10 MHz.We report the measurement of transition frequencies of Rb85 atoms in a room-temperature vapor cell to nP1/2 (n=34–53) and nP3/2 (n=34–87) Rydberg levels by observing single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy. Based on the spectroscopic data, we determine quantum defects that are in good agreement with previous measurements of low-lying Rydberg states. Furthermore, the residuals between observed and calculated values of fine-splitting intervals in our experiments are found to be less than 10 MHz.

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Measurement of absolute transition frequencies of Rb87 to nS and nD Rydberg states by means of electromagnetically induced transparency

Markus Mack, Florian Karlewski, H. Hattermann +4 more

We report the measurement of absolute excitation frequencies of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ to $nS$ and $nD$ Rydberg states. The Rydberg transition frequencies are obtained by observing electromagnetically induced transparency on a rubidium vapor cell. The accuracy of the measurement of each state is $\ensuremath{\lesssim}$1 MHz, which is achieved by frequency stabilizing the two diode lasers employed for the spectroscopy to a frequency comb and a frequency comb calibrated wavelength meter, respectively. Based on the spectroscopic data we determine the quantum defects of ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$ , and compare it with previous measurements on ${}^{85}\text{Rb}$ . We determine the ionization frequency from the $5{S}_{1/2}(F=1)$ ground state of ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$ to $1010.029 164 6(3)\mathrm{THz}$ , providing the binding energy of the ground state with an accuracy improved by two orders of magnitude.We report the measurement of absolute excitation frequencies of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ to $nS$ and $nD$ Rydberg states. The Rydberg transition frequencies are obtained by observing electromagnetically induced transparency on a rubidium vapor cell. The accuracy of the measurement of each state is $\ensuremath{\lesssim}$1 MHz, which is achieved by frequency stabilizing the two diode lasers employed for the spectroscopy to a frequency comb and a frequency comb calibrated wavelength meter, respectively. Based on the spectroscopic data we determine the quantum defects of ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$, and compare it with previous measurements on ${}^{85}\text{Rb}$. We determine the ionization frequency from the $5{S}_{1/2}(F=1)$ ground state of ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$ to $1010.029 164 6(3)\mathrm{THz}$, providing the binding energy of the ground state with an accuracy improved by two orders of magnitude.

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Single-photon Rydberg excitation spectra of cesium atomic vapor with a 319nm ultra-violet laser

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Jun 1, 20180 citations

Single-photon cesium Rydberg excitation spectroscopy by using of 318.6-nm UV laser and room-temperature cesium vapor cell

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We demonstrate a single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy of cesium (Cs) atoms in a room-temperature vapor cell. Cs atoms are excited directly from 6S1/2 ground state to nP3/2 (n = 70 - 100) Rydberg states with a 318.6 nm ultraviolet (UV) laser,and Rydberg excitation spectra are obtained by transmission enhancement of a probe beam resonant to Cs 6S1/2, F = 4 - 6P3/2, F' = 5 transition as partial population on F = 4 ground state are transferred to Rydberg state .Analysis reveals that the observed spectra are velocity-selective spectroscopy of Rydberg state, from which the amplitude and linewidth influenced by lasers'Rabi frequency have been investigated. Fitting to energies of Cs nP3/2 (n = 70 -100) states, the determined quantum defect is 3.56671(42). The demodulated spectra can also be employed as frequency references to stabilize the UV laser frequency to specific Cs Rydberg transition.We demonstrate a single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy of cesium (Cs) atoms in a room-temperature vapor cell. Cs atoms are excited directly from 6S1/2 ground state to nP3/2 (n = 70 - 100) Rydberg states with a 318.6 nm ultraviolet (UV) laser,and Rydberg excitation spectra are obtained by transmission enhancement of a probe beam resonant to Cs 6S1/2, F = 4 - 6P3/2, F' = 5 transition as partial population on F = 4 ground state are transferred to Rydberg state .Analysis reveals that the observed spectra are velocity-selective spectroscopy of Rydberg state, from which the amplitude and linewidth influenced by lasers'Rabi frequency have been investigated. Fitting to energies of Cs nP3/2 (n = 70 -100) states, the determined quantum defect is 3.56671(42). The demodulated spectra can also be employed as frequency references to stabilize the UV laser frequency to specific Cs Rydberg transition.

Jun 20, 20170 citations

Optical spectroscopy of rubidium Rydberg atoms with a 297 nm frequency-doubled dye laser

Pierre Thoumany, Theodor W. Hänsch, Gernot Stania +2 more

We demonstrate Doppler-free, purely optical detection of laser-excited rubidium Rydberg atoms in a room-temperature gas cell. The Rydberg atoms are excited with a frequency-doubled dye laser at 297 nm in a single-excitation step from the ground state; the detection is performed with a 780 nm diode laser in a scheme similar to electron shelving. Laser spectroscopy of Rydberg transitions is demonstrated, and a frequency-doubled dye is stabilized to one Rydberg transition in the UV. The performance of this stabilization is measured with an atomic-beam apparatus and a time of flight experiment.We demonstrate Doppler-free, purely optical detection of laser-excited rubidium Rydberg atoms in a room-temperature gas cell. The Rydberg atoms are excited with a frequency-doubled dye laser at 297 nm in a single-excitation step from the ground state; the detection is performed with a 780 nm diode laser in a scheme similar to electron shelving. Laser spectroscopy of Rydberg transitions is demonstrated, and a frequency-doubled dye is stabilized to one Rydberg transition in the UV. The performance of this stabilization is measured with an atomic-beam apparatus and a time of flight experiment.

Optics LettersMay 19, 200944 citations

Experimental studies of high-lying Rydberg states in atomic rubidium

Sylvain Liberman, Jacques Pinard

This paper summarizes a long series of experiments that have been done on Rydberg states of Rb. The basic experimental technique that has been used is atomic-beam laser spectroscopy which allows both low-resolution and high-resolution studies. Excitation of Rydberg states is provided by single-photon absorption from a suitably frequency-doubled rhodamine $6G$ tunable laser. Detection is done by field ionization and ion counting. These techniques have allowed us to study the critical ionizing field, which has been found to follow classical, hydrogenic behavior closely. Rydberg states of Rb have been observed from $n=28$ up to $n>100$ . High-resolution spectroscopic studies have led to measurement of the fine structure for $\mathrm{np}$ levels located between $n=28$ and $n=60$ , as well as the isotope shift of the ground state, $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=(172\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}15)$ MHz. Anomalies in the intensity ratio of the doublet $5s\ensuremath{-}np$ transitions have been observed and interpreted as relativistic effects. Perturbations by weak and strong dc electric field are reported. In the case of weak electric fields it is possible to evaluate the polarizability. In the case of strong dc electric fields, new phenomena have been observed and analyzed. We also find experimental evidence of selective photoionization in the presence of an appropriate dc electric field, which could have some applications in laser isotope separation. Finally, we give the preliminary results of an experiment on the effect of a strong nonresonant electromagnetic field on high-lying Rydberg states.This paper summarizes a long series of experiments that have been done on Rydberg states of Rb. The basic experimental technique that has been used is atomic-beam laser spectroscopy which allows both low-resolution and high-resolution studies. Excitation of Rydberg states is provided by single-photon absorption from a suitably frequency-doubled rhodamine $6G$ tunable laser. Detection is done by field ionization and ion counting. These techniques have allowed us to study the critical ionizing field, which has been found to follow classical, hydrogenic behavior closely. Rydberg states of Rb have been observed from $n=28$ up to $n>100$. High-resolution spectroscopic studies have led to measurement of the fine structure for $\mathrm{np}$ levels located between $n=28$ and $n=60$, as well as the isotope shift of the ground state, $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=(172\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}15)$ MHz. Anomalies in the intensity ratio of the doublet $5s\ensuremath{-}np$ transitions have been observed and interpreted as relativistic effects. Perturbations by weak and strong dc electric field are reported. In the case of weak electric fields it is possible to evaluate the polarizability. In the case of strong dc electric fields, new phenomena have been observed and analyzed. We also find experimental evidence of selective photoionization in the presence of an appropriate dc electric field, which could have some applications in laser isotope separation. Finally, we give the preliminary results of an experiment on the effect of a strong nonresonant electromagnetic field on high-lying Rydberg states.

Physical Review AAug 1, 197969 citations

We report the measurement of the absolute transition frequencies of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms to the

n{P}_{1/2}

(

n=34--52

) and

n{P}_{3/2}

(

n=34--90

nP

doublets and also extracted the quantum defects and ionization frequency. These results extend the spectroscopic information of the

nP

Rydberg series, providing basic knowledge for further applications to Rydberg atoms.

We report the measurement of absolute excitation frequencies of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

nS

and

nD

Rydberg states. The Rydberg transition frequencies are obtained by observing electromagnetically induced transparency on a rubidium vapor cell. The accuracy of the measurement of each state is $\ensuremath{\lesssim}$1 MHz, which is achieved by frequency stabilizing the two diode lasers employed for the spectroscopy to a frequency comb and a frequency comb calibrated wavelength meter, respectively. Based on the spectroscopic data we determine the quantum defects of

{}^{87}\text{Rb}

, and compare it with previous measurements on

{}^{85}\text{Rb}

. We determine the ionization frequency from the

5{S}_{1/2}(F=1)

ground state of

{}^{87}\text{Rb}

1010.029 164 6(3)\mathrm{THz}

, providing the binding energy of the ground state with an accuracy improved by two orders of magnitude.

6G

tunable laser. Detection is done by field ionization and ion counting. These techniques have allowed us to study the critical ionizing field, which has been found to follow classical, hydrogenic behavior closely. Rydberg states of Rb have been observed from

n=28

up to

n>100

. High-resolution spectroscopic studies have led to measurement of the fine structure for

\mathrm{np}

levels located between

n=28

and

n=60

, as well as the isotope shift of the ground state, $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\nu}=(172\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}15)$ MHz. Anomalies in the intensity ratio of the doublet $5s\ensuremath{-}np$ transitions have been observed and interpreted as relativistic effects. Perturbations by weak and strong dc electric field are reported. In the case of weak electric fields it is possible to evaluate the polarizability. In the case of strong dc electric fields, new phenomena have been observed and analyzed. We also find experimental evidence of selective photoionization in the presence of an appropriate dc electric field, which could have some applications in laser isotope separation. Finally, we give the preliminary results of an experiment on the effect of a strong nonresonant electromagnetic field on high-lying Rydberg states.