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Physical Review A

Quantum secure ghost imaging

Xin Yao, Xu Liu, Lixing You, Zhen Wang, Xue Feng, Fang Liu, Kaiyu Cui, Yidong Huang, Wei Zhang

Published Dec 10, 2018• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this work, we propose a scheme of quantum secure ghost imaging (QSGI), which combines temporal quantum ghost imaging and security test based on quantum entanglement. Utilizing the quantum feature of entangled photon pairs, the eavesdropping in the imaging process can be detected, with a certain degree of protection on the object information. The proposed scheme is demonstrated by experiment, in which photon pairs are generated by a quantum light source based on a silicon waveguide. Two-dimensional patterns are imaged line by line over 50 km optical fibers and the security test is realized by two-photon interference for energy-time entanglement. QSGI could be applied in scenarios of secure imaging and surveillance, and may inspire new ideas on specific quantum communication tasks.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.98.063816

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In this work, we propose a scheme of quantum secure ghost imaging (QSGI), which combines temporal quantum ghost imaging and security test based on quantum entanglement. Utilizing the quantum feature of entangled photon pairs, the eavesdropping in the imaging process can be detected, with a certain degree of protection on the object information. The proposed scheme is demonstrated by experiment, in which photon pairs are generated by a quantum light source based on a silicon waveguide. Two-dimensional patterns are imaged line by line over 50 km optical fibers and the security test is realized by two-photon interference for energy-time entanglement. QSGI could be applied in scenarios of secure imaging and surveillance, and may inspire new ideas on specific quantum communication tasks.
This talk introduces our recent works on how to use photonic energy-time entanglement in quantum communications. On one hand, we realized entanglement based dispersive optics quantum key distribution over optical fibers of 20 kilometers, in which time encoding based on energy-time entanglement was used. On the other hand, we proposed and demonstrated a scheme of temporal quantum ghost imaging, which could be realized by correlations in either frequency or time in energy-time entangled photon pairs. Based on it, a scheme of quantum secure ghost imaging was proposed and demonstrated, and it was applied on a new protocol of multi-bit QDS recently.
Quantum Ghost Imaging (QGI) is a scheme which uses the temporal correlation of entangled photon pairs (signal and idler) to identify detections belonging to actual entangled pairs and separate them from uncorrelated detections. By also exploiting the spatial correlation of the photon pair, this identification allows to extract image information of the idler photons by imaging the signal photons. This can even be done for non-degenerate photon pairs, allowing imaging at wavelengths without sophisticated cameras in this regime. Recent advances in detector technology, especially single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs), allow the design for new cameras capable of single photon detection with both high spatial and temporal resolution. These new detectors are especially useful for application in QGI, allowing to detect each photon individually and identify the correlated pairs after the measurement. It further allows to analyse the time-of-flight of photons and thus enables 3D imaging, the first realization of which will be presented here.
Quantum Ghost Imaging (QGI) is a scheme using entangled pairs of photons (signal and idler) in order to perform imaging with both single photons and with only a single-element detector in the spectrum of interest. It utilises the temporal coincidence of the photons to identify associated pairs, while their spatial correlation allows to obtain image information from of the idler photon from the measurement of the signal photon. It is especially useful when using nondegenerate photon pairs, allowing to keep the signal photon in the silicon detection window, while the interacting wavelength can be freely chosen.However, current schemes are limited, as they rely on time-gating and heralding. Recent advances in single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) allow the design of new single photon cameras, which can be outfitted with dedicated in-pixel timing circuitry. This allows to register single photons in both time and space. These detectors allowed us to design a new scheme for QGI, in which the coincidence is evaluated after the measurement. It also allows us to perform depth-resolved 3D imaging based on the time-of-flight of photons, first results of which are presented here.
Ghost imaging (GI) can reconstruct the image of an object by measuring the correlation function of two beams, none of which carries the structure information of the object independently. This powerful technology makes it possible to obtain high-quality imaging of the object even in the presence of noise. Here, we introduce the GI method into quantum device evaluation in the time domain. We realized a proof-of-principle experiment to evaluate the temporal detection efficiency of a gated-mode single-photon avalanche detector (SPAD). The experimental results show that high-quality evaluation of temporal characteristics of the SPAD can be realized by the method of temporal GI (TGI). Our work indicates that the TGI method is an effective tool to monitor the temporal characteristics of quantum devices in real time and will bring a new perspective to the security evaluation of quantum communication.
Abstract Quantum‐correlation‐based ghost imaging, also termed quantum ghost imaging, has found applications as diverse as the fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and low‐light‐level imaging. In any previous schemes, however, only biphoton spatial entanglement is utilized, whereas other degrees of freedom of the photons have not yet been explored. Here we break this barrier to present a multichannel parallel ghost imaging system, by exploiting hyperentanglement where photon pairs are simultaneously entangled in polarization, color, and spatial mode. In the experiment, polarization and color entanglements provide 2× 2 independent channels via simultaneous polarization and color multiplexing, while an optical isolator with a delay line is constructed to ensure that spatial entanglement conveys the ghost image in parallel. The method can offer a pathway for high‐capacity quantum image processing and transmission in future quantum network.