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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Coherent Excitation and Control of S State Rydberg Six-wave Mixing

Junling Che, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Nov 15, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate a novel nondestructive optical detection method by coherently exciting and controlling the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-assisted six-wave mixing (SWM) process of S state Rydberg atoms in 85Rb vapour. By analysing the evolution regularity of the resonant SWM signals under various conditions, one can control the signal by altering the atom density and detuning and the strengths of the probe and coupling fields. The characteristics of this SWM process provide a potential application for spectroscopy physics and determining the interactions between optical fields and atoms.

DOI
10.7566/jpsj.87.124401

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Abstract We report the experimental observation of intensity noise correlation between six-wave mixing (SWM), fluorescence and probe transmission signal in a coherently prepared Rydberg atomic ensemble. With the assistance of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) technique, the Rydberg SWM is generated with high efficiency. Then the correlation between the probe transmission and SWM, the anti-correlation between the probe and fluorescence, and the anti-correlation between SWM and fluorescence occur, with these being caused by the enhanced dispersion and nonlinearity in the Rydberg-EIT medium. Such intensity correlation can be effectively controlled by the strong Rydberg-dressing effect. This investigation can potentially contribute to the further study of multi-field quantum correlations and anti-correlations via atomic spin coherence.
Rydberg-dressed four-wave mixing (FWM) is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated with two electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows generated in a Y-type Rb85 atomic configuration. Such dressing effect related to Rydberg states can lead to enhancement and suppression in the FWM process, which can be manipulated by the frequency detuning, Rabi frequency, and polarization of laser fields. Particularly, with the enhancement condition satisfied, coexisting FWM and Rydberg six-wave mixing (SWM) peaks with ultranarrow linewidth (much less than 30 MHz) are simultaneously observed. The controllable enhancement and suppression in a Rydberg-EIT medium can provide a novel nondestructive nonlinear method to investigate the spectrum involving Rydberg excitation in the atomic ensemble above room temperature.
We experimentally and theoretically investigate the Rydberg six-wave mixing (SWM) process in 85 Rb atomic vapor. Through comparing the center frequency positions of resonant Rydberg SWM signals with different atomic densities, atomic levels induced by van der Waals interaction are observed. Meanwhile, such SWM process which is sensitive to blockade can be modulated by the self-dressing effect and/or external dressing effect. In addition, the Rydberg eight-wave mixing process can be obtained if the power of the external dressing field is low. Such blockaded multi-wave mixing process has potential applications in multi-channel quantum information.
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The conversion between enhancement and suppression in six-wave mixing (SWM) and fluorescence signals by phase modulation has demonstrated for the first time. It is observed in our experiment the suppression of SWM and fluorescence is transformed into enhancement in company with the switch from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in the transmitted probe with the relative phase changed from 0 to π/2. Our research could be potentially applied in optical communication and quantum information processing.
We report the first observation of six-wave mixing (SWM) and fluorescence signals in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window. Several remarkable advantages are described. First, multiple bright and dark states are simultaneously observed due to enhancement or suppression of the SWM signal. Second, ultra-narrow fluorescence, much narrower than the EIT window, is experimentally obtained. Third, the ultra-narrow fluorescence can also generate Autler–Townes splitting on scanning the coupling beam. Fourth, a double-peak EIT window is obtained using the nest-dressing scheme. Such studies concerning SWM and fluorescence have applications in optical switching, multi-channel communication and narrowband and long-range quantum communication.