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Scientific Reports

Switching suppression and enhancement of fluorescence and six-wave mixing by phase modulation

Zhiguo Wang, Peng Ying, Peiying Li, Dan Zhang, Heqing Huang, Hao Tian, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Dec 4, 2013• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The conversion between enhancement and suppression in six-wave mixing (SWM) and fluorescence signals by phase modulation has demonstrated for the first time. It is observed in our experiment the suppression of SWM and fluorescence is transformed into enhancement in company with the switch from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in the transmitted probe with the relative phase changed from 0 to π/2. Our research could be potentially applied in optical communication and quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1038/srep03417

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The conversion between enhancement and suppression in six-wave mixing (SWM) and fluorescence signals by phase modulation has demonstrated for the first time. It is observed in our experiment the suppression of SWM and fluorescence is transformed into enhancement in company with the switch from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in the transmitted probe with the relative phase changed from 0 to π/2. Our research could be potentially applied in optical communication and quantum information processing.
We experimentally study the phase regulated switch between electromagnetically induced transparency and electromagnetically induced absorption in probe transmission signal and the conversion between enhancement and suppression in four-wave mixing and fluorescence signals for the first time. By changing the relative phase, electromagnetically induced transparency can be converted into electromagnetically induced absorption. In this process, the conversion from suppression to enhancement is also obtained in four-wave mixing and fluorescence signals. This research can be applied in non-linear optical device like optical switch and optical wavelength convertor.
We report the first observation of six-wave mixing (SWM) and fluorescence signals in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window. Several remarkable advantages are described. First, multiple bright and dark states are simultaneously observed due to enhancement or suppression of the SWM signal. Second, ultra-narrow fluorescence, much narrower than the EIT window, is experimentally obtained. Third, the ultra-narrow fluorescence can also generate Autler–Townes splitting on scanning the coupling beam. Fourth, a double-peak EIT window is obtained using the nest-dressing scheme. Such studies concerning SWM and fluorescence have applications in optical switching, multi-channel communication and narrowband and long-range quantum communication.
For the first time, we present the comparison of Autler–Townes (AT) splitting in fluorescence and six-wave mixing (SWM) signals with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). With the detunings of the generating or external-dressing fields scanned, the two signals are distinguished theoretically and investigated experimentally. The EIT separation and AT splitting in fluorescence and SWM can be controlled by a phase determined by the angle in between the incident beams. These phenomena also can be modulated by the incident beam powers. In particular, the anti-AT splitting representing the vanishing tendency of secondary AT splitting is observed.
The switch between the enhancement and suppression of the four-wave mixing (FWM) process in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window via quantum interference has been demonstrated experimentally. The enhancement and suppression of the FWM signal, as well as the EIT window, switch with a change in the probe detuning. Also, by controlling the powers of the dressing and probe fields, the enhancement and suppression of the FWM signal can be switched and an optimized enhancement can be obtained. Such a switch of the enhancement and suppression of the FWM signal intensity can find potential applications in optical switches, optical communication and quantum information processes.
We first investigate the phase control of the switch between bright and dark states in the transmitted probe, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals in a four-level 85Rb atomic system. With the relative phase modulated from 0 to −π, pure dark state in the FWM and fluorescence channels can be switched to pure bright state, corresponding to the switch from electromagnetically induced transparency to electromagnetically induced absorption. Meanwhile, the results could be obtained in solid crystals. Such phase controlled switch could have potential applications in optical communication and quantum information processing.
Abstract We report the experimental observation of intensity noise correlation between six-wave mixing (SWM), fluorescence and probe transmission signal in a coherently prepared Rydberg atomic ensemble. With the assistance of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) technique, the Rydberg SWM is generated with high efficiency. Then the correlation between the probe transmission and SWM, the anti-correlation between the probe and fluorescence, and the anti-correlation between SWM and fluorescence occur, with these being caused by the enhanced dispersion and nonlinearity in the Rydberg-EIT medium. Such intensity correlation can be effectively controlled by the strong Rydberg-dressing effect. This investigation can potentially contribute to the further study of multi-field quantum correlations and anti-correlations via atomic spin coherence.