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An optical parametric oscillator for a light- atomic media interface

Rayssa Bruzaca de Andrade

Published Jun 18, 2018• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this work, we discuss a description of quantum properties of light beams produced by an Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) above threshold, pumped by a 780 nm Titanium Sapphire laser, resonant with the D2 line of Rb, with a noise spectrum of a coherent beam. The twin beams have wavelengths around 1560nm, in the telecommunication band.

DOI
10.11606/t.43.2018.tde-18062018-052437

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In this work, we discuss a description of quantum properties of light beams produced by an Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) above threshold, pumped by a 780 nm Titanium Sapphire laser, resonant with the D2 line of Rb, with a noise spectrum of a coherent beam. The twin beams have wavelengths around 1560nm, in the telecommunication band.
A frequency tunable source of squeezed light has been developed for application to a variety of problems in atomic physics. The basic experimental arrangement consists of a subthreshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO) that is pumped by the frequency-doubled output of a titanium-sapphire laser. Squeezed light with continuous tunability of 2 GHz has been generated with a directly observed nonclassical noise reduction of 5.0 dB relative to the vacuumstate limit in a balanced homodyne detector (5.2 dB when corrected for detector noise). Although our source is potentially broadly tunable over the noncritical phase-matching bandwidth of potassium niobate, current research has concentrated on operation at 852 nm for excitation of the D2 line of atomic cesium. Relative to the usual quantum limit associated with vacuumstate fluctuations, enhanced sensitivity is demonstrated for the detection of Doppler-free resonances in FM saturation spectroscopy, with an improvement of 3.1 dB directly observed and 3.8 dB after correction for detector noise.
We present the first measurement of two-mode squeezing between the twin beams produced by a doubly resonant optical parameter oscillator (OPO) in an above threshold operation based on parametric amplification by nondegenerate four wave mixing with rubidium (^{85}Rb). We demonstrate a maximum intensity difference squeezing of -2.7 dB (-3.5 dB corrected for losses) with a pump power of 285 mW and an output power of 12 mW for each beam, operating close to the D1 line of Rb atoms. The use of open cavities combined with the high gain media can provide a strong level of noise compression and the access to new operation regimes that could not be explored by crystal based OPOs. The spectral bandwidth of the squeezed light is broadened by the cavity dynamics, and the squeezing level is robust for strong pump powers. Stable operation was obtained up to 4 times above the threshold. Moreover, operation of the OPO close to the atomic resonances of alkali atoms allows a natural integration into quantum networks, including structures such as quantum memories.
We have generated bright squeezed light and quantum-correlated twin photon beams by using a cw semimonolithic KTP Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO), which exhibits a low oscillation threshold and is capable of oscillating even in the free-running (no external-feedback) condition. The pump beam reflected by the OPO, after a cascading nonlinearity process in the crystal, appears as bright squeezed light. The squeezing observed on the reflected pump beam from the semimonolithic OPO was 30% (inferred squeezing: 48%). The signal and idler beams generated by the optical parametric oscillator are highly quantum-correlated twin photon beams. Since the squeezing property of the intensity difference between the twin photonbeams is robust in the condition where the two fields are balanced, the squeezing can be observed even in the freerunning condition of the OPO. This intensity-difference squeezing observed between the twin photon beams from the free-running semimonolithic OPO was 70% (inferred squeezing: 87%).
We present a review of the Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO), describing its operation and the quantum correlation between the light beams generated by this oscillator. We show the construction of an OPO using a Potassium Titanyl Phosphate crystal (KTP), pumped by a frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser, and discuss the stability of the system and related thermal effects. We have measured the quantum correlation of signal and idler beams in a transient regime, obtaining a noise correlation level 39 % below the shot noise level.