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Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements

Interleaved Matter-Wave Gyroscope with 3 × 10−10 rad.s−1 Stability

Rémi Geiger, Denis Savoie, Matteo Altorio, Bess Fang, Arnaud Landragin

Published Jul 1, 2018• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We present a matter-wave gyroscope with 11 cm2Sagnac area operating without dead times and at a sampling frequency of 3.75 Hz. This is achieved by interleaving the atom laser-cooling step and the interrogation of the atoms. We demonstrate a record short term sensitivity of 30 nrad.s-1. Hz-1/2, which allows us to characterize and stabilize systematic effects below 3×10-10rad.s-1after 15 000 seconds of integration time. Such level of stability competes with best long term stabilities obtained with fiber-optics gyroscopes, and paves the way for applications of cold-atom sensors in inertial navigation or geoscience.

DOI
10.1109/cpem.2018.8501207

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We present a matter-wave gyroscope with 11 cm2Sagnac area operating without dead times and at a sampling frequency of 3.75 Hz. This is achieved by interleaving the atom laser-cooling step and the interrogation of the atoms. We demonstrate a record short term sensitivity of 30 nrad.s-1. Hz-1/2, which allows us to characterize and stabilize systematic effects below 3×10-10rad.s-1after 15 000 seconds of integration time. Such level of stability competes with best long term stabilities obtained with fiber-optics gyroscopes, and paves the way for applications of cold-atom sensors in inertial navigation or geoscience.
Cold-atom inertial sensors target several applications in navigation,geoscience and tests of fundamental physics. Reaching high samplingrates and high inertial sensitivities, obtained with long interrogationtimes, represents a challenge for these applications. We report on theinterleaved operation of a cold-atom gyroscope, where 3 atomic cloudsare interrogated simultaneously in an atom interferometer featuring a3.75 Hz sampling rate and an interrogation time of 801 ms. Interleavingimproves the inertial sensitivity to 3×10-9 rad.s-1.Hz-1/2 byefficiently averaging vibration noise, and allows us to perform dynamicrotation measurements in a so-far unexplored range. We demonstrate astability of 3×10-10 rad.s-1 after 30 000 s, which competes with thebest stability levels obtained with fiber-optics gyroscopes. Our workvalidates interleaving as a key concept for future atom-interferometrysensors probing time-varying signals, as in on-board navigation andgravity-gradiometry, searches for dark matter, or gravitational wavedetection.
We report on interleaved operation of a cold-atom inertial sensor, where three atomic clouds are simultaneously probed in an atom interferometer featuring 4 Hz sampling rate and interrogation time of 801 ms. Interleaving improves the inertial sensitivity by efficiently averaging vibration noise and allows us to perform dynamic rotation measurements in a so far unexplored range. We demonstrate sensitivity of 30 nrad.s-1·Hz-1/2and reach the long-term stability of 3·10-10rads-1, which competes with the best stability levels obtained with fiber-optic gyroscopes. Our work validated interleaving as a key concept for future atom-interferometry sensors probing time-varying signals, as in on-board navigation and gravity gradiometry, searches for dark matter, or gravitational wave detection.
Cold-atom inertial sensors target several applications in navigation, geoscience and tests of fundamental physics. Reaching high sampling rates and high inertial sensitivities, obtained with long interrogation times, represents a challenge for these applications. We report on the interleaved operation of a cold-atom gyroscope, where 3 atomic clouds are interrogated simultaneously in an atom interferometer featuring a 3.75 Hz sampling rate and an interrogation time of 801 ms. Interleaving improves the inertial sensitivity by efficiently averaging vibration noise, and allows us to perform dynamic rotation measurements in a so-far unexplored range. We demonstrate a stability of 3×10−103\times 10^{-10}3×10−10 rad.s−1^{-1}−1, which competes with the best stability levels obtained with fiber-optics gyroscopes. Our work validates interleaving as a key concept for future atom-interferometry sensors probing time-varying signals, as in on-board navigation and gravity-gradiometry, searches for dark matter, or gravitational wave detection.
We reports improvements to our Sagnac effect matter-wave interferometer gyroscope. This device now has a short-term rotation-rate sensitivity of 6 × 10 -10 rad s -1 over 1 s of integration, which is the best publicly reported value to date. Stimulated Raman transitions are used to coherently manipulate atoms from counterpropagating thermal beams, forming two interferometers with opposite rotation phase shifts, allowing rotation to be distinguished from acceleration and laser arbitrary phase. Furthermore, electronically compensating the rotation-induced Doppler shifts of the Raman lasers allows operation at an effective zero rotation rate, improving sensitivity and facilitating sensitive lock-in detection readout techniques. Long-term stability is promising but not yet fully characterized. Potential applications include inertial navigation, geophysical studies and tests of general relativity.
We report the operation of a cold-atom inertial sensor which continuously captures the rotation signal. Using a joint interrogation scheme, where we simultaneously prepare a cold-atom source and operate an atom interferometer (AI), enables us to eliminate the dead times. We show that such continuous operation improves the short-term sensitivity of AIs, and demonstrate a rotation sensitivity of 100 nrad/sec/sqrt[Hz] in a cold-atom gyroscope of 11 cm^{2} Sagnac area. We also demonstrate a rotation stability of 1 nrad/sec at 10^{4} sec of integration time, which represents the state of the art for atomic gyroscopes. The continuous operation of cold-atom inertial sensors will lead to large area AIs at their full sensitivity potential, determined by the quantum noise limit.