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Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements

Electrical Equivalent Loads of an End-Cap Ion-Trap

Subhadeep De, Lakhi Sharma, Neha Batra, Atish Roy, K. Sharma, Subhasis Panja, Vijay Narain Ojha

Published Jul 1, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The resonant frequency of a helical resonator, that efficiently delivers high voltage rf to an electrodynamic ion-trap, depends on capacitive and inductive loads. Estimation of these loads for the parts that are attached to the resonator are thus necessary for designing a resonator operating at a desired frequency. On the other hand, the trapped ion experiences a voltage induced by the capacitance resulting from the electrodes. This results to excess micromotion to the ion. Here, we estimate the capacitive and resistive loads arising from different parts of ourtrap.

DOI
10.1109/cpem.2018.8500916

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The resonant frequency of a helical resonator, that efficiently delivers high voltage rf to an electrodynamic ion-trap, depends on capacitive and inductive loads. Estimation of these loads for the parts that are attached to the resonator are thus necessary for designing a resonator operating at a desired frequency. On the other hand, the trapped ion experiences a voltage induced by the capacitance resulting from the electrodes. This results to excess micromotion to the ion. Here, we estimate the capacitive and resistive loads arising from different parts of ourtrap.
Common-mode metrics of a high-QQQ helical resonator do not determine the residual ion-side field in a dual-electrode drive. We combine a two-node differential RF model with single-electrode finite-element bases to obtain a computation-only, geometry-resolved projection for a same-phase blade trap. For a 3.5 pF external load per branch, the model gives a total effective branch capacitance of 7.640 pF and an HWHM-equivalent full branch-difference scale of 12.7 fF at Qloaded=600Q_{\mathrm{loaded}}=600Qloaded​=600. The seven-segment geometry gives center and axial-RMS differential field coefficients of 640 V m−1^{-1}−1 and 635 V m−1^{-1}−1 per differential peak volt. A representative 10 fF mismatch with an effective 0.1 pF balance scale projects to 44.5/44.1 nm center/RMS 171Yb+^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}171Yb+ micromotion at 100 V common peak voltage. Supplementary thermal, bypass-admittance, and tested numerical cases characterize model sensitivity. All reported displacements are projections; no RF-bench or ion-side validation is claimed.
Abstract A helical resonator with a certain resonant frequency and a high-quality factor (Q-factor)[1] is critical for an ion trap system, which results in a larger trap depth, longer trap time, and lower RF noise. Here we propose a new method for energizing amplitude-adjustable multiple RF ion trap electrodes. By dividing the output of the helical resonator into multiple circuits and simultaneously energizing the ion trap multi-RF electrodes, each circuit is composed of capacitors connected in series, and the desired amplitude is applied to the ion trap RF electrodes using capacitive voltage dividing. In contrast, the capacitance of the multi-RF capacitors connected in series is determined by three constraints. Different voltages for each circuit are realized while keeping the phase consistent. To demonstrate our proposed method in experiments, we first determine that the theory is feasible through circuit simulations and then confirm the method’s validity by comparing the measured results with the analog simulations. Our method can be applied to the ion trap structure of multiplexed RF electrodes, which contributes to the realization of ion traps for multiplexed RF electrodes.
A linear radio-frequency Paul trap is traditionally driven with one diagonal pair of electrodes grounded and the other connected to a high-voltage radio-frequency source. This method simplifies impedance matching of the voltage source to the trap. However, for several architectures it leads to increasing the axial micromotion amplitude, for example, when the capacitance between radio-frequency and end-cap electrodes is not negligible. Here, we present a technique to generate two high-voltage radio-frequency signals \SI{180}{\degree} out of phase to drive a linear Paul trap with opposite voltages between neighbouring electrodes. Using this, we have successfully trapped and cooled a chain of Ytterbium ions in a linear radio-frequency Paul trap.
Trapping ions in Paul traps require high radio frequency voltages, which are generated using resonators. When operating traps in a cryogenic environment, an in-vacuum resonator showing low loss is crucial to limit the thermal load to the cryostat. In this study, we present a guide for the design and production of compact, shielded cryogenic resonators. We produced and characterized three different types of resonators and furthermore demonstrate efficient impedance matching of these resonators at cryogenic temperatures.
Trapped-ion qubits are one approach among many for achieving scalable quantum computers. An ion trap has to be operated with several dc and radio frequency (rf) signals to trap and control its qubits. Many ion trap setups are operated at cryogenic temperatures to reduce thermal influences, to reach very high vacuum, and to achieve high fidelity for quantum operations. A resonance circuit, consisting of a coil and the capacitance of the trap electrodes, is used to step-up a low power rf signal to high amplitudes in close proximity to the ion trap. These ac fields are used to confine ions70 μm70 \,{\rm \mu }\mathrm{m}70μmabove a surface ion trap chip. An increased quality factor (Q-factor) of the resonance circuit leads to a higher voltage gain, but the experiment also benefits from a better attenuation of parasitic frequency components in the confining electric field. The Q-factor is inversely proportional to the trap capacitance. Since ion traps are growing in size due to a larger number of qubits, the capacitance is increasing. Therefore, the development of a coil with low losses becomes even more important. In this work, we present the setup of a superconducting coil for a high-Q resonator, measurements of the Q-factor, and its temperature dependency. The coil is made of a niobium-titanium (NbTi) wire wound on a threaded bobbin made of ceramics and equipped with further thermalization structures. The superconducting resonator is a very promising approach to satisfy the needs for future trapped-ion quantum computing setups.