Neutral atoms have been proven to be a promising physical platform for quantum computing because of their longer coherence time and good scalability. To operate neutral-atom quantum computers, an essential step before computation is to assemble the atoms as a defect-free array. This process is called atom rearrangement or atom sorting, which typically requires a long analysis time on classical computers. To optimize the sorting process, we propose a hardware-friendly sorting algorithm (oriented for FPGA acceleration) to be able to analyze the atom array with four independent quadrants and process each quadrant in parallel. Tested on a Xilinx ZCU216 FPGA, our design can finish the sorting analysis procedure with a 50 $\times 50$ loaded atoms array with around 1.0 $\mu s$ . Compared to the CPU implementation, we achieved an acceleration of around $50\times$ speedup in algorithm analysis time. In addition, the design exhibits good scalability in execution time, making it suitable for large-scale quantum systems.Neutral atoms have been proven to be a promising physical platform for quantum computing because of their longer coherence time and good scalability. To operate neutral-atom quantum computers, an essential step before computation is to assemble the atoms as a defect-free array. This process is called atom rearrangement or atom sorting, which typically requires a long analysis time on classical computers. To optimize the sorting process, we propose a hardware-friendly sorting algorithm (oriented for FPGA acceleration) to be able to analyze the atom array with four independent quadrants and process each quadrant in parallel. Tested on a Xilinx ZCU216 FPGA, our design can finish the sorting analysis procedure with a 50$\times 50$loaded atoms array with around 1.0$\mu s$. Compared to the CPU implementation, we achieved an acceleration of around$50\times$speedup in algorithm analysis time. In addition, the design exhibits good scalability in execution time, making it suitable for large-scale quantum systems.

IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)Sep 15, 20240 citations

The Basis of Design Tools for Quantum Computing

Lukas Burgholzer, Robert Wille

Springer eBooksJan 1, 20260 citations

Quantum computation with atomic ensembles

Tommaso Calarco

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMar 19, 20130 citations

Efficient Two-Dimensional Defect-Free Dual-Species Atom Arrays Rearrangement Algorithm with Near-Fewest Atom Moves

Zhi-Jin Tao, Li-Geng Yu, Peng Xu +3 more

Dual-species single-atom array in optical tweezers has several advantages over the single-species atom array as a platform for quantum computing and quantum simulation. Thus, creating the defect-free dual-species single-atom array with atom numbers over hundreds is essential. As recent experiments demonstrated, one of the main difficulties lies in designing an efficient algorithm to rearrange the stochastically loaded dual-species atoms arrays into arbitrary demanded configurations. We propose a heuristic connectivity optimization algorithm to provide the near-fewest number of atom moves. Our algorithm introduces the concept of using articulation points in an undirected graph to optimize connectivity as a critical consideration for arranging the atom moving paths. Tested in array size of hundreds atoms and various configurations, our algorithm shows a high success rate (>97%), low extra atom moves ratio, good scalability, and flexibility. Furthermore, we propose a complementary step to solve the problem of atom loss during the rearrangement.Dual-species single-atom array in optical tweezers has several advantages over the single-species atom array as a platform for quantum computing and quantum simulation. Thus, creating the defect-free dual-species single-atom array with atom numbers over hundreds is essential. As recent experiments demonstrated, one of the main difficulties lies in designing an efficient algorithm to rearrange the stochastically loaded dual-species atoms arrays into arbitrary demanded configurations. We propose a heuristic connectivity optimization algorithm to provide the near-fewest number of atom moves. Our algorithm introduces the concept of using articulation points in an undirected graph to optimize connectivity as a critical consideration for arranging the atom moving paths. Tested in array size of hundreds atoms and various configurations, our algorithm shows a high success rate (>97%), low extra atom moves ratio, good scalability, and flexibility. Furthermore, we propose a complementary step to solve the problem of atom loss during the rearrangement.

arXiv:2203.11890Chinese Physics LettersJun 29, 202213 citations

Quantum simulation with arrays of individual atoms

Antoine Browaeys

May 1, 20210 citations

A Cavity-Coupled Rydberg Atom Array for Quantum Science and Quantum Computing

Beili Hu

Neutral atom arrays have rapidly emerged as a leading platform for quantum computing, boasting scalable, configurable arrays of single atoms trapped in optical tweezers, fast, high-fidelity entangling gates through Rydberg interactions, and programmable, parallelized control of qubit operations. Coupling an atom array to an optical cavity opens a new frontier. Leveraging enhanced light-atom interactions in cavity quantum electrodynamics, cavity- coupled atom arrays acquire capabilities that can further expand the neutral atom toolbox, including cavity-enhanced atom readouts, atom-photon entanglement, and photon-mediated interactions between distant atoms. This thesis presents a quantum hardware platform that integrates an array of neutral atoms with a high-finesse optical cavity. After describing the design and development of the experimental apparatus, I demonstrate high-fidelity atom state readout through the cavity, achieving improved speed and atom survival compared to conventional free-space imaging methods. I then introduce a new technique for selectively controlling atom-cavity coupling on arbitrary subsets of the array, using local AC Stark shifts on the excited states of the atoms. Building on these tools, I demonstrate fast, non-destructive cavity-based readout of atom arrays, a crucial bottleneck of atom array platforms. I also showcase real-time measurement and feedback capabilities with a demonstration of classical error correction, using a register of atomic bits. Finally, I describe progress toward implementing single- and two-qubit gates within the cavity-coupled system. By combining coherent control, tunable interactions, and high-fidelity, non-destructive readout integrated and real-time feedback, the cavity-coupled Rydberg atom array offers a promising path toward fault-tolerant quantum computing.Neutral atom arrays have rapidly emerged as a leading platform for quantum computing, boasting scalable, configurable arrays of single atoms trapped in optical tweezers, fast, high-fidelity entangling gates through Rydberg interactions, and programmable, parallelized control of qubit operations. Coupling an atom array to an optical cavity opens a new frontier. Leveraging enhanced light-atom interactions in cavity quantum electrodynamics, cavity- coupled atom arrays acquire capabilities that can further expand the neutral atom toolbox, including cavity-enhanced atom readouts, atom-photon entanglement, and photon-mediated interactions between distant atoms. This thesis presents a quantum hardware platform that integrates an array of neutral atoms with a high-finesse optical cavity. After describing the design and development of the experimental apparatus, I demonstrate high-fidelity atom state readout through the cavity, achieving improved speed and atom survival compared to conventional free-space imaging methods. I then introduce a new technique for selectively controlling atom-cavity coupling on arbitrary subsets of the array, using local AC Stark shifts on the excited states of the atoms. Building on these tools, I demonstrate fast, non-destructive cavity-based readout of atom arrays, a crucial bottleneck of atom array platforms. I also showcase real-time measurement and feedback capabilities with a demonstration of classical error correction, using a register of atomic bits. Finally, I describe progress toward implementing single- and two-qubit gates within the cavity-coupled system. By combining coherent control, tunable interactions, and high-fidelity, non-destructive readout integrated and real-time feedback, the cavity-coupled Rydberg atom array offers a promising path toward fault-tolerant quantum computing.

May 1, 20250 citations

\times 50

loaded atoms array with around 1.0

\mu s

. Compared to the CPU implementation, we achieved an acceleration of around

50\times

speedup in algorithm analysis time. In addition, the design exhibits good scalability in execution time, making it suitable for large-scale quantum systems.