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Journal of Optics

Dipole induced transparency and Aulter–Townes splitting via a dipole emitter coupled to a hybrid photonic-plasmonic resonator

Wenxiao Liu, Xin Wang, Mengmeng Luo, Xuejian Sun, Shaoyan Gao, Fuli Li

Published Aug 16, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We theoretically investigate the transmission characteristics of a probe field by coupling a dipole emitter to a hybrid photonic-plasmonic structure, which consists of a metal nanoparticle (MNP) and a whispering-gallery-mode microcavity. It is found that the coupling strength between the cavity and the dipole emitter can be significantly enhanced when the emitter is located in the vicinity of the MNP suface. Moreover, the Rayleigh scattering induced by the MNP enlarges mode broadening with increasing the MNP radius. The dipole induced transparency (DIT) and Aulter–Townes splitting (ATS) can both be observed in this system. These two phenomena are attributed to the competition between the local field enhancement and the associated interaction broadening. In addition, we have obtained the conditions for realizing DIT and ATS and present them in a phase diagram dependent on the geometric parameters (for example, the MNP radius and the distance between the surface of the MNP and the dipole emitter). By tuning the geometric parameters, we demonstrate a transition from DIT to ATS. The proposal can provide a platform for the study of nonlinear quantum optics and have applications in high-efficiency photon turnstile.

DOI
10.1088/2040-8986/aada91

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Abstract We theoretically investigate the transmission characteristics of a probe field by coupling a dipole emitter to a hybrid photonic-plasmonic structure, which consists of a metal nanoparticle (MNP) and a whispering-gallery-mode microcavity. It is found that the coupling strength between the cavity and the dipole emitter can be significantly enhanced when the emitter is located in the vicinity of the MNP suface. Moreover, the Rayleigh scattering induced by the MNP enlarges mode broadening with increasing the MNP radius. The dipole induced transparency (DIT) and Aulter–Townes splitting (ATS) can both be observed in this system. These two phenomena are attributed to the competition between the local field enhancement and the associated interaction broadening. In addition, we have obtained the conditions for realizing DIT and ATS and present them in a phase diagram dependent on the geometric parameters (for example, the MNP radius and the distance between the surface of the MNP and the dipole emitter). By tuning the geometric parameters, we demonstrate a transition from DIT to ATS. The proposal can provide a platform for the study of nonlinear quantum optics and have applications in high-efficiency photon turnstile.
We propose a hybrid photonic-plasmonic resonant structure which consists of a metal nanoparticle (MNP) and a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microcavity. It is found that the hybrid mode enables a strong interaction between the light and matter, and the single-atom cooperativity is enhanced by more than two orders of magnitude compared to that in a bare WGM microcavity. This improvement originates from two aspects: the MNP offers a highly enhanced local field in the vicinity of an emitter, and, interestingly, the high-QQQ property of WGMs can be maintained in the presence of the MNP. Thus the present system has advantages over a single microcavity or a single MNP, and holds potential in quantum optics, nonlinear optics, and highly sensitive biosensing.
We explore the entanglement generation between two dipole emitters via a hybrid photonic-plasmonic resonant structure which consists of two metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and a high-QQQ whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microcavity. Because the coupling strength between the dipole emitter and the cavity can be substantially enhanced with the help of MNPs and maintained by the WGM cavity, the maximum entanglement plateau between two dipole emitters can be deterministically created even in the presence of the spontaneous emission of the dipole emitters and the decay induced by the microcavity and MNPs. The width of the plateau depends on the coupling strengths (or the radii of the MNPs) and the initial state, but is insensitive to the dipole-cavity detuning. These results are useful in real experiments.
The emergence of hybrid nanostructures has paved a novel path for the development of nanotechnology and next-generation quantum devices.In this study, we report a remarkable enhancement of nonlinear diffraction achieved within a hybrid artificial molecule consisting of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP).Our findings reveal that the optical nonlinear properties of the hybrid system can be substantially enhanced due to the plasmon resonance of MNP.Specifically, reducing the interparticle distance and the SQD's size while increasing the MNP's size leads to a significant enhancement in the nonlinear phase modulation of the hybrid system.Meanwhile, the absorption spectra exhibit a redshift accompanied by linewidth broadening under the SQD-MNP coupling interaction controlled by geometric parameters, indicating plasmon-exciton energy transfer.On this basis, it is validated that the enhanced nonlinear phase modulation greatly improves the self-imaging visibility and the signal-to-noise ratio, and extends the near-field pattern over more Talbot lengths.We also demonstrate that the far-field diffraction efficiency is tunable via the coupling interaction between the artificial molecule and external fields, which is determined by the geometric structure, photon detuning, and Rabi frequency.For instance, the first-order diffraction efficiency can be increased from 39.58% to 55% if the geometric parameters of the hybrid system satisfy the threshold in non-resonance conditions.Such plasmon-enhanced optical lattices show potential for applications in all-optical modulators and all-optical switches operating at few-photon levels, and may also afford a novel perspective for the design and development of nanophotonics circuits and topological photonic devices.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are two phenomena that can affect the transmission of a probe field in the presence of a stronger field, both yielding transparency in the absorption profile. Being able to discriminate these two similar but distinct phenomena is of vital importance. Here we propose a scheme to describe the EIT and ATS phenomena in a plasmonic system. The proposed system consists of one radiative resonator and one subradiant resonator in metal-insulator-metal waveguide, and the transition is observed from the ATS model to the EIT model through three qualitative regions as the coupling strength decreases. In addition, we apply the method proposed by Anisimov to the induced transparency spectrum in our model, and numerically discerning EIT from ATS based on the Akaike's information criterion in a clear way.
We investigate excitation dynamics in the system of a quantum dipole emitter (QDE) coupled to a located nearby metal nanoparticle (MNP), which exhibits a dipolar localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance at the frequency of the QDE radiative transition, in the presence of a strong external resonant electromagnetic field. Considering the QDE-field interactions in the regime of strong QDE-field coupling, we show that the feedback provided by the MNP on the QDE (due to the LSP excitation with the field generated by the dipole moment of the QDE transition) influences significantly the coherent process of Rabi oscillations, resulting in the occurrence of additional satellite frequencies in the radiation spectrum scattered by the QDE-MNP configuration. The relative ratio of high harmonics depends strongly on the QDE-MNP separation, an important characteristic feature that can be used for observing this effect and can be exploited, for example, for controlling distances at the nanoscale.
We theoretically investigated optical bistability (OB) of a coupled excition–plasmon hybrid system in a unidirectional ring cavity. It is found that the threshold and the region of OB can be tuned by adjusting the center–center distance between the quantum dot and metal nanoparticle (MNP), the Rabi frequency of the control field and the radius of the MNP. Due to the significantly enhanced optical nonlinearity by the surface plasmon effect, the threshold of OB can be decreased greatly when the probe field is parallel to the major axis of the hybrid system. The enhanced OB may have promising applications in optical switching and optical storage.