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Annals of Physics

Effect of the magnetic dipole interaction on a spin-1 system

Fang-Qi Hu, Wei Jia, Qing Bo Zhao

Published Feb 26, 2018• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.aop.2018.02.020

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The magnetic dipole–dipole interaction in a linear chain of spins S=1∕2 with uniaxial exchange anisotropy gives raise to evolution of the system of energy levels. As the magnetic dipole interaction increases, the fastest decrease of the energy of the system is observed for a level with the maximum modulus of the spin of the system. For sufficiently large ratio of the dipole–dipole contribution to the exchange a transition occurs between the spin-gap states—antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic. An extremely sharp change of the mean-square spin of the system at low temperatures (T<10−3J∕k) followed by a “plateau” in the temperature dependence is characteristic for a narrow neighborhood of the point at which the type of ground state changes.
A spin system is considered with a Hamiltonian typical of molecular magnets, having dipole-dipole interactions and a single-site magnetic anisotropy. In addition, spin interactions through the common radiation field are included. A fully quantum-mechanical derivation of the collective radiation rate is presented. An effective narrowing of the dipole-dipole attenuation, due to high spin polarization is taken into account. The influence of the radiation rate on spin dynamics is carefully analysed. It is shown that this influence is completely negligible. No noticeable collective effects, such as superradiance, can appear in molecular magnets, being caused by electromagnetic spin radiation. Spin superradiance can arise in molecular magnets only when these are coupled to a resonant electric circuit, as has been suggested earlier by one of the authors in Laser Phys. 12, 1089 (2002).
In contrast to the ordinary spin Hall effect (SHE), which is a single-body phenomenon caused by the spin-orbit interaction (SOI), we propose a many-body SHE induced by the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) between particles and demonstrate it in a system of ultracold magnetic atoms. While the SOI usually requires the breaking of space-inversion symmetry, the DDI preserves it. The many-body SHE can, in principle, be observed in a wide range of systems with large dipole moments and offers a powerful tool to generate spin currents, an essential ingredient in spintronics and atomtronics.