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Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)

Interaction of RE3+ impurity ions with inhomogeneous field of radiation

Gagik G. Demirkhanyan, R. B. Kostanyan, Vagram M. Mekhitarian

Published Oct 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A scheme is proposed for computing the probability of the dipole-forbidden f – f transition at the interaction of the RE 3+ impurity ion with the field of an inhomogeneous exciting radiation. It is shown that in the case under consideration, the prohibition on electric dipole transitions can be repealed without involving the Judd–Ofelt theory of induced electric dipole transitions. The quantitative estimation of the absorption cross-section of YAG:Er 3+ crystal at the wavelength of 1530 nm ( 4 I 15/2 → 4 I 13/2 ) was carried out for the simplest model of the inhomogeneous exciting radiation.

DOI
10.3103/s1068337217040107

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A scheme is proposed for computing the probability of the dipole-forbidden f – f transition at the interaction of the RE 3+ impurity ion with the field of an inhomogeneous exciting radiation. It is shown that in the case under consideration, the prohibition on electric dipole transitions can be repealed without involving the Judd–Ofelt theory of induced electric dipole transitions. The quantitative estimation of the absorption cross-section of YAG:Er 3+ crystal at the wavelength of 1530 nm ( 4 I 15/2 → 4 I 13/2 ) was carried out for the simplest model of the inhomogeneous exciting radiation.
The line strengths of indirect electric dipole and magnetic dipole transitions between Stark sublevels of the Yb 3+ impurity ion in a YAG crystal are calculated. The intensity’s parameters are determined, and the spectroscopic characteristics of inter-Stark transitions (probabilities of spontaneous transitions and radiative lifetimes of Stark sublevels of excited multiplet, fluorescence branching ratios, transition cross sections, and absorption coefficients) are computed. Quantitative calculations of spectroscopic parameters revealed a quite reasonable agreement with experimental data.
A new scheme to realize an abnormal dielectric response at optical wavelength is developed on the basis of two-level electronic transition of rare-earth ion doped crystals. Based on the semi-classical theory and the Judd—Ofelt theory, the electric dipole transition under a weak field is analyzed, and a general expression for the frequency-dependent dielectric constant is obtained. As an example, the permittivity of (Er x Y 1−x ) 3 Al 5 O 12 is calculated numerically in consideration of the transition between 4 I 15/2 and 4 F 9/2 . An optimized dielectric property with a negative real part and low absorption is achieved. This proposes a new mechanism for building extraordinary electromagnetic media at optical frequencies by using a quantum process.
The change of intensities of optical transitions of atoms, molecules, and their ions in the near field of nanoobjects is of interest for researchers from both basic and applied points of view. The concept of a near field was used as early as the 1960s to study the mechanisms of hypersensitive transitions of rare-earth (RE) ions. In this work, it is once more emphasized that, precisely for these transitions, changes in characteristics under the action of local properties of the medium are especially strong and, correspondingly, these transitions are especially promising for use. The Judd method for the calculation of the intensities of hypersensitive transitions of RE ions taking into account the inhomogeneous ligand field is extended to RE ions in the near field of nanoobjects. A simple analytical expression for the Judd-Ofelt intensity parameter Ω 2 for RE ions in the field of spherical nanoparticles of a subwavelength size is derived.
An investigation was made of the polarisation characteristics of the nonlinear absorption of λ = 1.055 μm radiation in a V 3+ : YAG crystal at the saturation stage. The duration of a pulse propagating in the crystal was considerably less than the lifetime of an excited state of the V 3+ impurity centres. A comparison of the experimental results with those of a theoretical calculation showed that the best description was provided by a phenomenological model in which resonant absorption in a crystal is attributed to three linear dipoles oriented along the main crystallographic axes of YAG.
Erbium ions in crystals show considerable promise for the technologies that will form the backbone of future networked quantum information technology. Despite advances in leveraging erbium’s fibre-compatible infrared transition for classical and quantum applications, the transitions are, in general, not well understood. We present detailed absorption and laser site-selective spectroscopy of the C 3v (O 2 − ) centre in CaF 2 :Er 3 + as an interesting erbium site case study. The 4 I 15 / 2 Z 1 → 4 I 13 / 2 Y 1 transition has a low-temperature inhomogeneous linewidth of 1 GHz with hyperfine structure observable from the 167 Er isotope. A parametrized crystal-field Hamiltonian is fitted to 34 energy levels and the two ground state magnetic splitting factors. The wavefunctions are used to perform a transition intensity analysis and electric-dipole parameters are fitted to absorption oscillator strengths. Simulated spectra for the 4 I 11 / 2 → 4 I 15 / 2 and 4 I 13 / 2 → 4 I 15 / 2 inter-multiplet transitions are in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured spectra. The 4 I 13 / 2 excited state lifetime is 25.0 ms and the intensity calculation is in excellent agreement with this value. • Detailed spectroscopic study of the C 3v (O 2 − ) Centre in CaF 2 :Er 3 + . • Crystal-field fit to 34 energy levels and ground-state magnetic splitting. • Transition intensity analysis for the technologically relevant infrared transitions.