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IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference

Multi-Channel High Speed Quantum Random Number Generating with DWDM and Superluminescent LED

Ziyang Chen, Gan Wang, Zhengyu Li, Xiang Peng, Hong Mei Guo

Published Jun 1, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme of multi-channel quantum random generator based on superluminescent LED (SLED), which can use only one laser source to generate independent random bit sequences parallelly. By using dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) module with 100 GHz interval, we produced 10 random bit streams in different channels, every stream's generating speed reaching 2.5 Gbps. All the random bit sequences can pass the DIEHARD randomness test and NIST-STS test, and there is no apparent correlation between every two bit streams. This multi-channel generator can satisfy the different components' need of random numbers in QKD systems and has advantages in cost of devices.

DOI
10.1109/vtcspring.2017.8108695

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We propose a scheme of multi-channel quantum random generator based on superluminescent LED (SLED), which can use only one laser source to generate independent random bit sequences parallelly. By using dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) module with 100 GHz interval, we produced 10 random bit streams in different channels, every stream's generating speed reaching 2.5 Gbps. All the random bit sequences can pass the DIEHARD randomness test and NIST-STS test, and there is no apparent correlation between every two bit streams. This multi-channel generator can satisfy the different components' need of random numbers in QKD systems and has advantages in cost of devices.
We describe an optoelectronic system for simultaneously generating parallel, independent streams of random bits using spectrally separated noise signals obtained from a single optical source. Using a pair of nonoverlapping spectral filters and a fiber-coupled superluminescent LED (SLED), we produced two independent 10 Gb/s random bit streams, for a cumulative generation rate of 20 Gb/s. The system relies principally on chip-based optoelectronic components that could be integrated in a compact, economical package.
By measuring the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise of the superluminescent light emitting diodes, we propose and realize a quantum random number generator (QRNG) featured with practicability. In the QRNG, after the detection and amplification of the ASE noise, the data acquisition and randomness extraction which is integrated in a field programmable gate array (FPGA) are both implemented in real-time, and the final random bit sequences are delivered to a host computer with a real-time generation rate of 1.2 Gbps. Further, to achieve compactness, all the components of the QRNG are integrated on three independent printed circuit boards with a compact design, and the QRNG is packed in a small enclosure sized 140 mm × 120 mm × 25 mm. The final random bit sequences can pass all the NIST-STS and DIEHARD tests.
This paper presents a high-speed and scalable quantum random number generator (QRNG) based on InGaN micro-LED arrays. While traditional QRNG systems face limitations in data rate and integration complexity, our approach leverages the intrinsic quantum randomness of spontaneous emission from micro-LEDs to achieve superior performance. We successfully demonstrated a generation rate of 12.5 Gb/s with a single blue and green micro-LED, as well as with a 2×4 yellow micro-LED array. The randomness of the generated bit streams was validated by the NIST SP800-22 statistical test suite under the assumed trusted-device model, confirming their high quality and cryptographic suitability. The use of a multi-channel array further proves the scalability of our method, highlighting its potential for seamlessly boosting generation rates. In particular, this work demonstrates the potential of micro-LED-based QRNGs toward compact and high-performance implementations, paving the way for on-chip integration into future cryptographic and communication applications.
Real-time high-speed mutually independent two-channel quantum random number generator (QRNG) device has been proposed using a programmable photonic integrated circuit in silicon photonics platform. Broadband random fluctuations of quantum photonic waveguide vacuum mode is harnessed in each of the mutually independent channels by mixing a guided coherent laser light operating at λ ∼ 1550 nm. All classical noises arising out of electrical, mechanical, thermal disturbances, etc. are minimized by the use of homodyne detection and appropriate programming of the photonic integrated circuit. The method of classical noise elimination has been supported with an appropriate theoretical modeling and experimental observations. The raw random number generation rate per channel was 4 Gbps, when the output signal from the homodyne detectors (bandwidth 1.6 GHz) was sampled at 500 MSa/s and subsequently digitized by a 14-bit analog-to-digital converter. We have also shown that the proposed PPIC design can be scaled up to higher number of channels using CMOS fabrication process compatible silicon photonics technology. Such mutually independent multi-channel QRNG sources are especially useful for high-speed chip-scale quantum key distribution (QKD) transceivers.
Real-time high-speed mutually independent two-channel quantum random number generator (QRNG) device has been proposed using a programmable photonic integrated circuit in silicon photonics platform. Broadband random fluctuations of quantum photonic waveguide vacuum mode is harnessed in each of the mutually independent channels by mixing a guided coherent laser light operating at λ ∼ 1550 nm. All classical noises arising out of electrical, mechanical, thermal disturbances, etc. are minimized by the use of homodyne detection and appropriate programming of the photonic integrated circuit. The method of classical noise elimination has been supported with an appropriate theoretical modeling and experimental observations. The raw random number generation rate per channel was 4 Gbps, when the output signal from the homodyne detectors (bandwidth 1.6 GHz) was sampled at 500 MSa/s and subsequently digitized by a 14-bit analog-to-digital converter. We have also shown that the proposed PPIC design can be scaled up to higher number of channels using CMOS fabrication process compatible silicon photonics technology. Such mutually independent multi-channel QRNG sources are especially useful for high-speed chip-scale quantum key distribution (QKD) transceivers.
Generating high-speed, verifiable random numbers is a fundamental requirement for cryptography, large-scale stochastic simulations, and secure quantum communication. Here, we present a robust quantum random number generator that utilizes the spatial distribution of quantum fluctuations captured by an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device operated in high-speed kinetic mode. Through rigorous detector calibration and shot-noise analysis, we characterize the spatial quantum noise obtained from the spatial intensity fluctuations of the coherent states of light. Such quantum noise serves as a high-entropy source, enabling an instantaneous random bit generation rate of 5.92 Gbps without algorithmic randomness extraction in the present configuration. The sustained output rate is, however, limited to 7.5 Mbps by the bandwidth of the serial electronic readout. The generated sequences successfully pass the NIST SP 800-22 and Marsaglia Diehard statistical test suites, confirming the high quality and unpredictability of the entropy source.