Simulation of gate-based quantum computers with superconducting qubits

Quantum simulation, as a practical application of noisy quantum computing, has aided the study of exotic quantum matters and the implementation of algorithms that outperform classical approaches. Superconducting qubits, one of the most promising candidates for realizing universal quantum computing, possess state-of-the-art features like easy integration of qubits, long coherence time, and high-fidelity single- and two-qubit gates. These characteristics have enabled applications of digital quantum simulation in the fields of physics, chemistry, and computer science. In this review, we first present the basic concepts of superconducting qubits, quantum gates, and digital quantum simulations. We also explore recent progress in digital quantum simulations using superconducting qubits, especially in relation to quantum chemistry, quantum matters, combinatorial optimization, and quantum machine learning. Finally, we address the current challenges of digital quantum simulation with superconducting qubits, and provide a perspective on the future of the field.Quantum simulation, as a practical application of noisy quantum computing, has aided the study of exotic quantum matters and the implementation of algorithms that outperform classical approaches. Superconducting qubits, one of the most promising candidates for realizing universal quantum computing, possess state-of-the-art features like easy integration of qubits, long coherence time, and high-fidelity single- and two-qubit gates. These characteristics have enabled applications of digital quantum simulation in the fields of physics, chemistry, and computer science. In this review, we first present the basic concepts of superconducting qubits, quantum gates, and digital quantum simulations. We also explore recent progress in digital quantum simulations using superconducting qubits, especially in relation to quantum chemistry, quantum matters, combinatorial optimization, and quantum machine learning. Finally, we address the current challenges of digital quantum simulation with superconducting qubits, and provide a perspective on the future of the field.

Journal of Zhejiang University. Science AOct 1, 20241 citation

Perspective on superconducting qubit quantum computing

Olivier Ezratty

The European Physical Journal AMay 2, 202347 citations

Quantum gates for superconducting qubits

Chad T. Rigetti

Jan 1, 200910 citations

Quantum computation and simulation with superconducting qubits*

Kaiyong He, Xiao Geng, Rutian Huang +2 more

Superconducting circuits based on Josephson junctions are regarded as one of the most promising technologies for the implementation of scalable quantum computers. This review presents the basic principles of superconducting qubits and shows the progress of quantum computing and quantum simulation based on superconducting qubits in recent years. The experimental realization of gate operations, readout, error correction codes, as well as some quantum algorithms are summarized, followed by an introduction of quantum simulation. And then some important applications in fields including condensed matter physics, quantum annealing, and quantum chemistry are discussed.Superconducting circuits based on Josephson junctions are regarded as one of the most promising technologies for the implementation of scalable quantum computers. This review presents the basic principles of superconducting qubits and shows the progress of quantum computing and quantum simulation based on superconducting qubits in recent years. The experimental realization of gate operations, readout, error correction codes, as well as some quantum algorithms are summarized, followed by an introduction of quantum simulation. And then some important applications in fields including condensed matter physics, quantum annealing, and quantum chemistry are discussed.

Chinese Physics BJul 22, 202124 citations

Protected gates for superconducting qubits

Peter Brooks, Alexei Kitaev, John P. Preskill

We analyze the accuracy of quantum phase gates acting on ``0-$\ensuremath{\pi}$ qubits'' in superconducting circuits, where the gates are protected against thermal and Hamiltonian noise by continuous-variable quantum error-correcting codes. The gates are executed by turning on and off a tunable Josephson coupling between an $LC$ oscillator and a qubit or pair of qubits; assuming perfect qubits, we show that the gate errors are exponentially small when the oscillator's impedance $\sqrt{L/C}$ is large compared to $\ensuremath{\hbar}/4{e}^{2}\ensuremath{\approx}1\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{k}\ensuremath{\Omega}$. The protected gates are not computationally universal by themselves, but a scheme for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation can be constructed by combining them with unprotected noisy operations. We validate our analytic arguments with numerical simulations.We analyze the accuracy of quantum phase gates acting on ``0-$\ensuremath{\pi}$ qubits'' in superconducting circuits, where the gates are protected against thermal and Hamiltonian noise by continuous-variable quantum error-correcting codes. The gates are executed by turning on and off a tunable Josephson coupling between an $LC$ oscillator and a qubit or pair of qubits; assuming perfect qubits, we show that the gate errors are exponentially small when the oscillator's impedance $\sqrt{L/C}$ is large compared to $\ensuremath{\hbar}/4{e}^{2}\ensuremath{\approx}1\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{k}\ensuremath{\Omega}$. The protected gates are not computationally universal by themselves, but a scheme for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation can be constructed by combining them with unprotected noisy operations. We validate our analytic arguments with numerical simulations.

arXiv:1302.4122Physical Review AMay 6, 2013199 citations

Quantum computation with superconducting qubits

Abhinav Kandala

International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials (SSDM)Sep 29, 20200 citations

LC

oscillator and a qubit or pair of qubits; assuming perfect qubits, we show that the gate errors are exponentially small when the oscillator's impedance

\sqrt{L/C}

is large compared to $\ensuremath{\hbar}/4{e}^{2}\ensuremath{\approx}1\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{k}\ensuremath{\Omega}$. The protected gates are not computationally universal by themselves, but a scheme for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation can be constructed by combining them with unprotected noisy operations. We validate our analytic arguments with numerical simulations.