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Physics Letters A

Theoretical and experimental investigation of magnetic resonance on the Cs hyperfine structure

Zhichao Ding, Jie Yuan, Guochen Wang, Hui Luo, Xingwu Long

Published May 18, 2017• 11 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2017.05.023

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The narrow electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) resonance peaks are observed with two low-power counter-propagating diode lasers in cesium (Cs) 6S1/2 - 6P1/2 - 8S1/2 ladder-type atomic system. To precisely determine the centers of resonance peaks, multiple background-free EIT signals are achieved using a novel scanning scheme in which the coupling laser driving Cs 6P1/2 - 8S1/2 transition is scanned and the probe laser driving Cs 6S1/2 – 6P1/2 is frequency locked. A temperature-stabilized fiber-pigtailed waveguide-type phase electro-optical modulator (EOM) and a stable confocal Fabry-Perot cavity are used as a precise frequency marker to measure the hyperfine splitting of Cs 8S1/2 state. The impact of the external magnetic field on the measurement is also investigated. Furthermore, the hyperfine structure constant (here it is the hyperfine magnetic dipole constant, A) of Cs 8S1/2 state is determined to be A = 219.06 MHz ± 0.12 MHz based on the measured hyperfine splitting (Δhfs = 876.24 MHz ± 0.50 MHz).
In the Λ three-level system, we will make use of semi-classical density matrix method to analyze cesium (Cs) hyperfine structure of coherent population trapping (CPT) phenomenon. Coherent population trapping has been widely used in electromagnetically induced transparency, non-inversion laser, optical storage and ultra-slow speed of light fields, then strong-coupling light and weak detecting light form coherent laser light to change the hyperfine structure energy levels of particles number distribution, which impacts on laser pumping magnetic resonance. In this paper, we will discuss the theoretical analysis and system design of laser pumping cesium magnetometer, cesium atomic energy level formed hyperfine structure with the I-J coupling, the hyperfine structure has been further split into Zeeman sublevels for the effects of magnetic field. To use laser pump and RF magnetic field make electrons transition in the Zeeman sublevels to produce the results of magneto-optical double resonance and on this basis we analyze the influence of laser pumping magnetic resonance based on coherent population trapping.