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Generation and signatures of entanglement in cavity quantum electrodynamics

D. Pagel, Holger Fehske

Published May 11, 2017• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We inspect different quantum optical setups from the viewpoint of entanglement generation and detection. As a first step we consider a planar semiconductor microcavity and optimize the Bell-type correlations and their robustness against dephasing to create strong bipartite entanglement between polariton branches, which subsequently can be transfered to the emitted photons. In a second step, in order to create multipartite entangled light, we place the microcavity in an optical resonator driven by pump pulses with a frequency comb spectrum. For this system we show how phase matching of all comb modes can be achieved and will lead to indistinguishable scattering processes causing entanglement among every mode. Finally we demonstrate the buildup of entanglement in the dissipative dynamics of emitters coupled to a single cavity photon mode driven by an external laser. From a Floquet master equation approach we find that entanglement production predominates during the first few laser oscillation periods.

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We inspect different quantum optical setups from the viewpoint of entanglement generation and detection. As a first step we consider a planar semiconductor microcavity and optimize the Bell-type correlations and their robustness against dephasing to create strong bipartite entanglement between polariton branches, which subsequently can be transfered to the emitted photons. In a second step, in order to create multipartite entangled light, we place the microcavity in an optical resonator driven by pump pulses with a frequency comb spectrum. For this system we show how phase matching of all comb modes can be achieved and will lead to indistinguishable scattering processes causing entanglement among every mode. Finally we demonstrate the buildup of entanglement in the dissipative dynamics of emitters coupled to a single cavity photon mode driven by an external laser. From a Floquet master equation approach we find that entanglement production predominates during the first few laser oscillation periods.
Abstract We inspect different quantum optical setups from the viewpoint of entanglement generation and detection. As a first step we consider a planar semiconductor microcavity and optimize the Bell-type correlations and their robustness against dephasing to create strong bipartite entanglement between polariton branches, which subsequently can be transferred to the emitted photons. In a second step, in order to create multipartite entangled light, we place the microcavity in an optical resonator driven by pump pulses with a frequency comb spectrum. For this system we show how phase matching of all comb modes can be achieved and will lead to indistinguishable scattering processes causing entanglement among every mode. Finally we demonstrate the buildup of entanglement in the dissipative dynamics of emitters coupled to a single cavity photon mode driven by an external laser. From a Floquet master equation approach we find that entanglement production predominates during the first few laser oscillation periods.
The emission of entangled light from planar semiconductor microcavities is studied and the entanglement properties are analyzed and quantified. Phase matching of the intracavity scattering dynamics for multiple pump beams or pulses, together with the coupling to external radiation, leads to the emission of a manifold of entangled photon pairs. A decomposition of the emitted photons into two parties leads to a strong entanglement of the resulting bipartite system. For the quantification of the entanglement, the Schmidt number of the system is determined by the construction of Schmidt number witnesses. It is analyzed to which extent the resources of the originally strongly entangled light field are diminished by dephasing in propagation channels.
We study the generation of entangled light in planar semiconductor microcavities. The focus is on a particular pump configuration where the dissipative internal polariton dynamics leads to the emission of entangled light in a WWW state. Our study is based on the nonlinear equations of motion for the polariton operators derived within the dynamics-controlled truncation formalism. They include the losses through the cavity mirrors, the interaction with lattice vibrations, and the external laser driving in a Langevin approach. We find that the generated entanglement is robust against decoherence under realistic experimental conditions. Our results show that pair correlations in solid-state devices can be used to stabilize the nonlocal properties of the emitted radiation.
The generation and the characterization of multipartite entangled light is an important and challenging task in quantum optics. In this paper the entanglement properties of the light emitted from a planar semiconductor microcavity are studied. The intracavity scattering dynamics leads to the emission of light that is described by a four-partite WWW state. Its multipartite correlations are identified by using the method of entanglement witnesses. Entanglement conditions are derived, which are based on a general witness constructed from WWW states. The results can be used to detect entanglement of light that propagates through lossy and even turbulent media.
Recent proposals and advances in quantum simulations, quantum cryptography, and quantum communications substantially rely on quantum entanglement formation. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that dissipation destroys quantum coherence, coupling with a dissipative environment can also generate entanglement. We consider a system composed of two quantum-dot qubits coupled with a common, damped surface plasmon mode; each quantum dot is also coupled to a separate photonic cavity mode. Cavity quantum electrodynamics calculations show that upon optical excitation by a femtosecond laser pulse, entanglement of the quantum-dot excitons occurs, and the time evolution of the g(2){g}^{(2)}g(2) pair correlation function of the cavity photons is an indicator of the entanglement. We also show that the degree of entanglement is conserved during the time evolution of the system. Furthermore, if coupling of the photonic cavity and quantum-dot modes is large enough, the quantum-dot entanglement can be transferred to the cavity modes to increase the overall entanglement lifetime. This latter phenomenon can be viewed as a signature of entangled, long-lived quantum-dot exciton-polariton formation. The preservation of total entanglement in the strong-coupling limit of the cavity--quantum-dot interactions suggests a novel means of entanglement storage and manipulation in high-quality optical cavities.
We propose a scheme for generating genuinely tripartite entanglements in microcavity exciton polaritons comprised of an exciton, photon, and phonon modes. We search for robust stationary bipartite and tripartite entanglements by optimizing optomechanical parameters while revealing the mechanism for generating entangled states by non-Hermitian spectrum. Maximum photon-phonon and exciton-phonon bipartite entanglements appear at the cross points of real eigenvalues in the non-Hermitian spectrum, while photon-exciton bipartite entanglements and tripartite entanglements are related to the breaking of parity-time symmetry. We also demonstrate entanglement dynamics and discover entanglement oscillations, transformation, and sudden death. Entanglement transformation among different bipartite entanglements and entanglement sudden death can be effectively regulated by cavity-exciton detunings and exciton-photon-phonon couplings. Moreover, thermal noises should be degraded to generate robust stationary entanglements and maintain prolonged dynamical entanglements. Our results open up new possibilities for constructing exciton-photon-phonon tripartite entanglements, which may have potential applications in developing quantum computing and quantum information processing protocols based on macroscopic entangled states.