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Optics Express

Stationary and dynamical entanglements in microcavity exciton polaritons

Yu Zi-Fa, J. C. C. Fan, Ji-Ming Gao, Fang-Qi Hu, Xin Qiao, Ai‐Xia Zhang, Ju-Kui Xue

Published Mar 24, 2025• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for generating genuinely tripartite entanglements in microcavity exciton polaritons comprised of an exciton, photon, and phonon modes. We search for robust stationary bipartite and tripartite entanglements by optimizing optomechanical parameters while revealing the mechanism for generating entangled states by non-Hermitian spectrum. Maximum photon-phonon and exciton-phonon bipartite entanglements appear at the cross points of real eigenvalues in the non-Hermitian spectrum, while photon-exciton bipartite entanglements and tripartite entanglements are related to the breaking of parity-time symmetry. We also demonstrate entanglement dynamics and discover entanglement oscillations, transformation, and sudden death. Entanglement transformation among different bipartite entanglements and entanglement sudden death can be effectively regulated by cavity-exciton detunings and exciton-photon-phonon couplings. Moreover, thermal noises should be degraded to generate robust stationary entanglements and maintain prolonged dynamical entanglements. Our results open up new possibilities for constructing exciton-photon-phonon tripartite entanglements, which may have potential applications in developing quantum computing and quantum information processing protocols based on macroscopic entangled states.

DOI
10.1364/oe.554836

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Quantum entanglement stands as an intriguing and pivotal phenomenon in quantum mechanics, forming the cornerstone for the realization of technologies transcending classical boundaries and enabling the practical deployment of diverse quantum devices. Here, we propose a method to manipulate both the pairwise entanglement among exciton-photon, exciton-phonon, and photon-phonon modes, and the tripartite entanglement involving exciton, photon, and phonon modes, within a hybrid exciton-optomechanics system, utilizing two pump lasers propagating in different directions. We find that all three distinct types of bipartite quantum entanglement and the tripartite entanglement can be effectively controlled and even enhanced along with improved robustness against environmental thermal noise by properly adjusting the phase difference between the two pump lasers. Our findings open up an easily accessible method for manipulating and protecting quantum entanglement, which is crucial in a wide range of practical applications requiring purely quantum resources, such as noise-tolerant quantum processing and quantum precision measurements. © 2026 American Physical Society
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Room-temperature quantum entanglement not only is significant for the advancement of quantum physics but also has broad application prospects in quantum technology. Here we investigate the generation of room-temperature quantum entanglement in a polariton optomechanical system consisting of an optical mode, a molecular vibrational mode, and N excitonic modes. The excitons and vibration are coupled via conditional displacement interactions, while the photon-exciton couplings occur via electric dipole interactions. We find that, mediated by exciton-vibration interaction, strong entanglement is established between the photon and the exciton, as well as between the photon and the vibration. Notably, the photon-vibration entanglement exhibits an astonishing enhancement with an increasing number of excitons, even far surpassing the entanglement generated from direct coupling between the exciton and vibration. Moreover, we demonstrate that these entanglements not only can be generated in a room-temperature environment (T = 300 K) but also exhibit considerable robustness against thermal noise. Furthermore, we achieve tripartite entanglement in this system under both room- and ultrahigh-temperature conditions. The increase in the number of excitons can significantly improve the tolerance of tripartite entanglement to thermal noise and optical dissipation. Our results indicate that polariton optomechanical systems could provide a promising platform for generating room-temperature and high-temperature-resistant entangled quantum resources, which are crucial for practical quantum technologies. ©2025 American Physical Society
Generating multipartite entanglement is always a popular research field in quantum information processing and quantum optics. In this paper, we propose a scheme to realize all bipartite entanglements and the genuine tripartite entanglement among photon, magnon, and phonon modes in a cavity-magnomechanical system. The center-of-mass motion of a yttrium iron garnet sphere couples to the magnon and constitutes photon-magnon-phonon tripartite interaction. By modulating the detuning between the cavity (magnon) mode and the driven field, we can obtain the optimal photon-phonon entanglement or magnon-phonon entanglement. The genuine tripartite entanglement can be prepared through a suitable detuning. We compare the different entanglement cases with and without effective direct cavity-magnon coupling. The results indicate that the photon-magnon entanglement can be enhanced by the effective cavity-magnon coupling strength, and all bipartite entanglements show greater robustness against the thermal phonon number. This investigation should be useful for phonon-involved multipartite quantum information processing and quantum precision measurement.
We present a proposal to generate robust tripartite optomechanical entanglement with a single-cavity optomechanical system driven by a single input laser field. The produced stationary tripartite entanglement among two longitudinal cavity modes and a mirror oscillation mode via radiation pressure force exhibits robustness to the variation of the environment temperature when the cavity free spectral range is close to the mechanical oscillation frequency. The present optomechanical system can serve as an alternative intermediary for quantum-state exchange between two microwave (or optical) fields as well as between photons and the macroscopic mechanical oscillator, and may be potentially useful for quantum information processing and quantum networks.