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Laser Physics

Evolution of intensity noise and hybrid correlation

Irfan Ahmed, Condon Lau, Ruimin Wang, Da Zhang, Xinghua Li, Kangkang Li, Changbiao Li, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Apr 28, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We report the evolution of spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) as a small peak in the dip of Autler–Townes splitting in the medium of coherent non linear crystal of Pr 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 . We demonstrate the results of a composite signal with evolution from pure fluorescence to a hybrid state of light to pure SP-FWM. By investigating the composite signal in frequency/time domains and studying hybrid correlations (positive/negative or anti-correlation) among three channels, i.e. Stokes (anti-Stokes) with composite signal, we demonstrate the evolution of SP-FWM processes from fluorescence. Such correlations can have potential applications in all-optical communication and quantum teleportation.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/aa6ac9

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Sep 17, 2014•6 citations
Abstract We report the evolution of spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) as a small peak in the dip of Autler–Townes splitting in the medium of coherent non linear crystal of Pr 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 . We demonstrate the results of a composite signal with evolution from pure fluorescence to a hybrid state of light to pure SP-FWM. By investigating the composite signal in frequency/time domains and studying hybrid correlations (positive/negative or anti-correlation) among three channels, i.e. Stokes (anti-Stokes) with composite signal, we demonstrate the evolution of SP-FWM processes from fluorescence. Such correlations can have potential applications in all-optical communication and quantum teleportation.
We demonstrate the seeded spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) process associated with the fluorescence signals of Pr 3+ :YSO both theoretically and experimentally. For the first time, the dressed SP-FWM processes are observed by self-dressing and/or external-dressing in this crystal. Various possible amplification processes are discussed by selectively seeding various multi-wave mixing (MWM) signals. Two contributions of the dressing effect and the dipole–dipole interaction to the linewidths of the SP-FWM signal and the conjugate signal of the seeding MWM signal associated with the fluorescence signal have been distinguished. In addition, the Autler–Townes-like (or Autler–Townes) splitting effect of the fluorescence spectrum induced by itself (or external) field and the mutual interaction between two fluorescence signals are investigated which are well explained using the presented theoretical model. Such results can find potential applications in all-optical communication and optical information processing on a photonic chip.
We report the experimental observations of the second- and third-order hybrid intensity noise correlation and intensity difference squeezing among two different multi-order nonlinear fluorescence (FL) and two FL signals as well as one of pair of phase conjugate four-wave mixing in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal, respectively. The degrees of the correlation and squeezing as well as the sharp and broad peaks are studied by changing the polarization of laser fields and gate position in Λ-type three-level systems. We observed the multi-channel hybrid intensities' correlation among the composite and coexisting signals, which turn out to be positive and negative for the cases without and with Autler-Town splitting of FL, respectively. A wide broad peak and a high sharp peak are observed with respect to the degrees of correlation and polarization state controlled by wave plates. Such results may find potential applications in optical transistor and optical hybrid communications.
Two- and three-mode correlation and squeezing of spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SPFWM) and fourth-order fluorescence (FL) composite signals are investigated theoretically and experimentally in both homonuclear (two-level) and heteronuclearlike (V-type level) molecular systems of Pr3+\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{r}}^{3+}Pr3+:YSO. By selecting different time positions, changing the power, and changing the frequency detuning of the laser field, the competition between the composite signals is demonstrated. It is found that as the laser parameters change, the signal evolves from a nonlinear ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(4)}$ process resulting in a FL signal to a SPFWM signal $({\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ process). In addition, the competition effect between the signals determines the evolution of the shape of the correlation from a pure sharp to a two-stage (mixed) shape and finally to a pure broad peak amplitude. Furthermore, the signal evolution determines the magnitude of squeezing, which can control the noise level. Such progress may find potential applications in optical hybrid communication and information processing.
Abstract We report the generation of three-mode hybrid intensity-noise correlation and intensity-difference squeezing of spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) and fourth-order fluorescence (FL) signals in the heteronuclear-like (three-level Λ-type) molecular structure of a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 (Pr3+:YSO) crystal using the nonlinear cross-Kerr effect under a polarized dressing effect. In the semi-classical view of a Kerr nonlinear medium, the amplitude of two-mode hybrid correlations of this kind is subject to a limit determined by the hybrid maximally entangled state. Whereas the degree of correlation and squeezing is determined by the dressing effects of the input laser fields participating in the SP-FWM process. We also find that the variations in magnitude of three-mode hybrid intensity-noise correlation and intensity-difference squeezing are consistent with nonlinear cross-Kerr processes. Such a three-mode hybrid signal may have potential applications in long-distance communication, dense coding, all-optical communication and quantum storage on photonic chips.
We investigate fluorescence (FL) and spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) signals in V-, Λ- and N-type energy level systems by changing the frequency detuning or power of the dressing field in Pr 3+ doped Y 2 SiO 5 at 77 K. The lifetime of the two kinds of signals has been calculated, and the desired experimental results have been obtained. We successfully control the intensity and lifetime of fluorescence and SP-FWM signals by changing the power or frequency detuning of the dressing field. The research has potential applications in optical switches and all optical communication.
For the first time to our knowledge, a dressed spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) process and fluorescence (FL) signals in hot alkali atom vapor are demonstrated in both theory and experiment. First, by scanning pumping fields, Autler–Townes (AT) splitting in SP-FWM and two-photon suppression dip in FL are observed. Then, by scanning coupling fields, single-, double-, and triple-dressed effect on those signals is demonstrated, such as suppression and/or enhancement of SP-FWM signal and suppressed two-photon emission peak of FL. The interaction effect between dressing fields on SP-FWM and FL signals is also observed. Such investigations can find potential applications in multichannel narrowband long-distance communication.