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Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)

Entanglement of multicomponent Schrödinger cats

D. B. Horoshko, Stephan De Bièvre, Mikhail I. Kolobov, Giuseppe Patera

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider the class of two-mode superpositions of coherent states equidistant on the circle, invariant under rotation along the circle. We find the analytical expression for the Schmidt decomposition and the entanglement for such states.
DOI
10.1364/qim.2017.qt4b.3

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Quantum superpositions of coherent states are produced both in microwave and optical domains, and are considered realizations of the famous “Schroedinger cat” state. The recent progress shows an increase in the number of components and the number of modes involved. Our work gives a theoretical treatment of multicomponent two-mode Schroedinger cat states. We consider a class of single-mode states, which are superpositions of N coherent states lying on a circle in the phase space. In this class we consider an orthonormal basis created by rotationally-invariant circular states (RICS). A two-mode extension of this basis is created by splitting a single-mode RICS on a balanced beam-splitter. After performing a symmetric (Loewdin) orthogonalization of the sets of coherent states in both modes we obtain the Schmidt decomposition of the two-mode state, and therefore an analytic expression for its entanglement. We show that the states obtained by splitting a RICS are generalizations of Bell states of two qubits to the case of N -level systems encoded into superpositions of coherent states on the circle, and we propose for them the name of generalized quasi-Bell states. We show that an exact probabilistic teleportation of arbitrary superposition of coherent states on the circle is possible with such a state used as shared resource.
We present a general approach to calculating the entanglement of formation for superpositions of two-mode coherent states, placed equidistantly on a circle in phase space. We show that in the particular case of rotationally invariant circular states the Schmidt decomposition of two modes, and therefore the value of their entanglement, are given by analytical expressions. We analyze the dependence of the entanglement on the radius of the circle and number of components in the superposition. We also show that the set of rotationally invariant circular states creates an orthonormal basis in the state space of the harmonic oscillator, and this basis is advantageous for representation of other circular states of light.