Visualisation of basic NMR: Quantum and Classical aspects

Kenjiro Hashi, Tadashi Shimizu, Atsushi Goto +3 more

B. Folkers, Aernout van Rossum, Alexander Brinkman +1 more

Abstract Quantum entanglement (QE) remains a challenging concept to teach and visualise due to its microscopic and non-classical nature. We present innovative educational demonstration material consisting of electronic dice that simulate the properties of QE through haptic interaction. The system uses displays, orientation sensors, and wireless communication to visualise key quantum mechanical principles such as superposition, measurement, and entanglement correlations. This analogy enables students to experience quantum phenomena through familiar objects, making abstract concepts more tangible. The dice support various educational scenarios, from basic entanglement demonstrations to more complex quantum key distribution experiments, and can be adapted for different educational levels from secondary school to undergraduate physics courses. Initial implementations demonstrate that the interactive nature of the quantum dice can help users develop an intuitive understanding of quantum mechanical principles. The low-cost, open source, and robust design makes quantum dice accessible to a wider range of educational institutions.

Timothy F. Havel, Shyamal S. Somaroo, Ching-Hsiang Tseng +1 more

Diogo O. Soares-Pinto, R. Auccaise, Jonas Maziero +3 more

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was successfully employed to test several protocols and ideas in quantum information science. In most of these implementations, the existence of entanglement was ruled out. This fact introduced concerns and questions about the quantum nature of such bench tests. In this paper, we address some issues related to the non-classical aspects of NMR systems. We discuss some experiments where the quantum aspects of this system are supported by quantum correlations of separable states. Such quantumness, beyond the entanglement-separability paradigm, is revealed via a departure between the quantum and the classical versions of information theory. In this scenario, the concept of quantum discord seems to play an important role. We also present an experimental implementation of an analogue of the single-photon Mach-Zehnder interferometer employing two nuclear spins to encode the interferometric paths. This experiment illustrates how non-classical correlations of separable states may be used to simulate quantum dynamics. The results obtained are completely equivalent to the optical scenario, where entanglement (between two field modes) may be present.

Xin Tao, Shijie Wei, Julen Simon Pedernales +2 more

Gabriel, Andreas

The phenomenon of quantum entanglement is thoroughly investigated, focussing especially on geometrical aspects and on bipartite systems. After introducing the formalism and discussing general aspects, some of the most important separability criteria and entanglement measures are presented. Finally, the geometry of 2x2- and 3x3-dimensional state spaces is analysed and visualised.