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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Remote Entanglement between a Single Atom and a Bose-Einstein Condensate

Stefan Riedl, Matthias Lettner, Martin M ucke, Christoph Vo, Carolin Hahn, Simon Baur, Jörg Bochmann, Stephan Ritter, Stephan D urr, Gerhard Rempe

Published Jun 15, 2011• 2 citations
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Entanglement between stationary systems at remote locations is a key resource for quantum networks. We report on the experimental generation of remote entanglement between a single atom inside an optical cavity and a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). To produce this, a single photon is created in the atom-cavity system, thereby generating atom-photon entanglement. The photon is transported to the BEC and converted into a collective excitation in the BEC, thus establishing matter-matter entanglement. After a variable delay, this entanglement is converted into photon-photon entanglement. The matter-matter entanglement lifetime of 100 μs exceeds the photon duration by 2 orders of magnitude. The total fidelity of all concatenated operations is 95%. This hybrid system opens up promising perspectives in the field of quantum information.
Entanglement has been recognised as a puzzling yet central element of quantum physics. While photons serve as flying qubits to distribute entanglement, the entanglement of stationary qubits at remote sites is a key resource for envisioned applications like distributed quantum computing. In our experiment we create remote entanglement between a single atom located inside a high-finesse optical cavity and a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). To this end we generate a single photon in the atom-cavity system, entangling the photon polarisation with the atomic Zeeman state. The photon is transported to a different laboratory in an optical fiber, where it is stored in a BEC employing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This converts the atom-photon entanglement into remote matter-matter entanglement. Subsequently we map the matter-matter entanglement onto photon-photon entanglement. The experimental setup is sketched in Fig. 1.
In this paper, we generate the Lax pair of the nonconservative Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation with time-dependent linear and harmonic oscillator potentials and construct a multisoliton solution using gauge transformation. We show how an interplay between the dispersion coefficient, scattering length and atomic feeding can suitably be exploited to remote control the dynamics of solitons, thereby generating favorable profiles of Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), notable among them being the matter wave similaritons.