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International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN)

Efficient and stable QKD scheme based on differential phase shift and polarization coding

Haisong Jiao, Tao Pu, Yanbo Wang

Published Sep 1, 2016• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an improved scheme of hybrid quantum key distribution based on the combination of differential phase shift and BB84 polarization encoding. By adjusting the polarization properly and routing all the probability amplitudes to interfere, a higher protocol efficiency of 3/2 is obtained. A better stability can be achieved with the birefringence effects and polarization-dependent losses at the transmitter compensated automatically by employing Faraday mirrors and quantum bit error rate can be smaller by reducing single photon detectors with fewer time slots introducing dark counts. Moreover, the condition for stable interference at the receiver is provided and the security performance is demonstrated, specifically.

DOI
10.1109/icocn.2016.7875880

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We propose an improved scheme of hybrid quantum key distribution based on the combination of differential phase shift and BB84 polarization encoding. By adjusting the polarization properly and routing all the probability amplitudes to interfere, a higher protocol efficiency of 3/2 is obtained. A better stability can be achieved with the birefringence effects and polarization-dependent losses at the transmitter compensated automatically by employing Faraday mirrors and quantum bit error rate can be smaller by reducing single photon detectors with fewer time slots introducing dark counts. Moreover, the condition for stable interference at the receiver is provided and the security performance is demonstrated, specifically.
We present a stable and deterministic quantum key distribution (QKD) system based on differential phase shift. With three cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers with different arm-length differences for creating key, its key creation efficiency can be improved to be 7/8, more than other systems. Any birefringence effects and polarization-dependent losses in the long-distance fiber are automatically compensated with a Faraday mirror. Added an eavesdropping check, this system is more secure than some other phase-coding-based QKD systems. Moreover, the classical information exchanged is reduced largely and the modulation of phase shifts is simplified. All these features make this QKD system more convenient than others in a practical application.
We propose and demonstrate an improved differential phase shift key distribution scheme. Alice uses a pulsed laser source and two cascaded fiber loops to get coherent pulses, then modulates them randomly under differential phase shift scheme, which compensates for the random polarization mode dispersion and phase shift. An interferometer made up of two Faraday mirrors is employed to detect single photon under gate mode. In one-way transmission, QKD is free from Trojan attack. Our experiment at setup can work stably for a long time (at least 24h) with an error ratio of 3%. The stable scheme is efficient, economical and favorable for practical application.
We present an improved differential phase shift quantum key distribution schemewhich features auto-compensation，high efficiency，and excellent practicality. Alice modulates continuous laser using an intensity modulator based on polarization to generate coherent pulse train. Bob employs a Fraday-Michelson interferometer instead of a traditional M-Z interferometer，which automatically compensates for the polarization mode dispersion caused by the changes of environment and improves the stability of the interference visibility. The present scheme not only has a simpler configuration，but also offers a higher key creation efficiency than traditional schemes. Furthermore，it enhances the security of the system. With the proposed experimental setup，a stable quantum key distribution was performed over 80km fiber with a quantum bit-error rate of less than 4%.
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We propose an auto-compensating differential phase shift scheme for quantum key distribution with a high key-creation efficiency, which skillfully makes use of automatic alignment of the photon polarization states in optical fiber with modified Michelson interferometers composed of unequal arms with Faraday mirrors at the ends. The Faraday-mirrors-based Michelson interferometers not only function as pulse splitters, but also enable inherent compensation of polarization mode dispersion in the optic-fiber paths at both Alice's and Bob's sites. The sequential pulses encoded by differential phase shifts pass through the quantum channel with the same polarization states, resulting in a stable key distribution immune to the polarization mode dispersion in the quantum channel. Such a system features perfect stability and higher key creation efficiency over traditional schemes.