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Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)

Gaussian Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in noisy environments

Zhongzhong Qin, Xiaowei Deng, Caixing Tian, Meihong Wang, Xiaolong Su, Changde Xie, Kunchi Peng

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

With a two-mode squeezed state as resource, we demonstrate the change of direction of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering in three different noisy environments. The results provide a practical route to manipulate the direction of EPR steering.
DOI
10.1364/qim.2017.qt6a.30

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Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering exhibits an inherent asymmetric feature that differs from both entanglement and Bell nonlocality, which leads to one-way EPR steering. Although this one-way EPR steering phenomenon has been experimentally observed, the schemes to manipulate the direction of EPR steering have not been investigated thoroughly. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate three schemes to manipulate the direction of EPR steering, either by varying the noise on one party of a two-mode squeezed state (TMSS) or transmitting the TMSS in a noisy channel. The dependence of the direction of EPR steering on the noise and transmission efficiency in the quantum channel is analyzed. The experimental results show that the direction of EPR steering of the TMSS can be changed in the presented schemes. Our work is helpful in understanding the fundamental asymmetry of quantum nonlocality and has potential applications in future asymmetric quantum information processing.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a quantum mechanical phenomenon that allows one party to steer the state of a distant party by exploiting their shared entanglement. It has potential applications in secure quantum communication. In this paper, we present two swapping schemes of Gaussian EPR steering, single-channel and dual-channel schemes, by the technique of entanglement swapping. Two space-separated independent EPR steering states without a direct interaction present EPR steering after deterministic swapping. By comparing the EPR steering of the single-channel and dual-channel schemes, we show that the transmission distance of the single-channel scheme is much longer than that of the symmetric dual-channel scheme. Different from entanglement swapping, one-way EPR steering is presented after swapping over lossy channels. The most interesting thing is that the change of the EPR steering direction is observed in the dual-channel scheme. We also show that excess noise in a quantum channel will shorten the transmission distance of the swapping, even leading to the sudden death of EPR steering. The presented schemes provide a technical reference for remote quantum communications with EPR steering.
Abstract Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering is a useful resource for secure quantum information tasks. It is crucial to investigate the effect of inevitable loss and noise in quantum channels on EPR steering. We analyze and experimentally demonstrate the influence of purity of quantum states and excess noise on Gaussian EPR steering by distributing a two-mode squeezed state through lossy and noisy channels, respectively. We show that the impurity of state never leads to sudden death of Gaussian EPR steering, but the noise in quantum channel can. Then we revive the disappeared Gaussian EPR steering by establishing a correlated noisy channel. Different from entanglement, the sudden death and revival of Gaussian EPR steering are directional. Our result confirms that EPR steering criteria proposed by Reid and I. Kogias et al. are equivalent in our case. The presented results pave way for asymmetric quantum information processing exploiting Gaussian EPR steering in noisy environment.
We consider two systems A and B that share Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering correlations and study how these correlations will decay when each of the systems is independently coupled to a reservoir. EPR steering is a directional form of entanglement, and the measure of steering can change depending on whether system A is steered by B, or vice versa. First, we examine the decay of the steering correlations of the two-mode squeezed state. We find that if system B is coupled to a reservoir, then the decoherence of the steering of A by B is particularly marked, to the extent that there is a sudden death of steering after a finite time. We find a different directional effect if the reservoirs are thermally excited. Second, we study the decoherence of the steering of a Schrödinger cat state, modeled as the entangled state of a spin and harmonic oscillator, when the macroscopic system (the cat) is coupled to a reservoir.
In reality, a quantum system will inevitably interact with the environment around it, and this will lead to decoherence. In this paper, we mainly study quantum entanglement and Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering of two-qubit system in some typical environments. Exactly, consider the initial two-qubit state to be the Werner-type state, we let one of the qubits pass through some different channels including amplitude damping (AD) channel, phase damping (PD) channel, phase flip (PF) channel, and bit flip (BF) channel. We research entanglement and EPR steering in the progress. Most importantly, we find that entanglement and EPR steering can be improved by local filtering operations with an appropriate k. Besides, we also give an example of the fact that the EPR steering is the proper subset of entanglement. These results will promote the application of the two quantum resources in quantum information tasks.