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Experimental determination of the electric quadrupole moment and collisional depolarization of J=3/2 cesium atoms with krypton using linear polarization spectroscopy

Prakash Koirala

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We studied the effect of depolarization of the atomic cesium in the 6p 2 P 3/2 level by using two-photon two-color nano-second pulse lasers in collision with krypton buffer gas at various pressures.We used linearly polarized dye lasers at 852.112 nm and at 603.409 nm wavelengths for the 6s 2 S 1/2 → 6p 2 P 3/2 → 10s 2 S 1/2 transition.Excitation of the ground state cesium atoms by linearly polarized light produces an electric quadrupole moment in the excited state.The polarization degree of the emission spectra was measured and was used to calculate the alignment (electric quadrupole moment) in the 6p 2 P 3/2 state.Further,the collisional depolarization effect on the linear polarization was measured at various buffer gas pressures from the spectra and it showed a strong pressure dependence on the polarization spectrum.Finally, we extracted the collisional depolarization cross-section of the 6p 2 P 3/2 Cs atoms in collision with Kr from the measured linear polarization spectrum.

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Physical Review A•Jan 1, 1993•16 citations
We studied the effect of depolarization of the atomic cesium in the 6p 2 P 3/2 level by using two-photon two-color nano-second pulse lasers in collision with krypton buffer gas at various pressures.We used linearly polarized dye lasers at 852.112 nm and at 603.409 nm wavelengths for the 6s 2 S 1/2 → 6p 2 P 3/2 → 10s 2 S 1/2 transition.Excitation of the ground state cesium atoms by linearly polarized light produces an electric quadrupole moment in the excited state.The polarization degree of the emission spectra was measured and was used to calculate the alignment (electric quadrupole moment) in the 6p 2 P 3/2 state.Further,the collisional depolarization effect on the linear polarization was measured at various buffer gas pressures from the spectra and it showed a strong pressure dependence on the polarization spectrum.Finally, we extracted the collisional depolarization cross-section of the 6p 2 P 3/2 Cs atoms in collision with Kr from the measured linear polarization spectrum.
An experimental investigation of the Cs 6s 2S1/2→6p 2P3/2→10s 2S1/2 double-resonance two-photon polar-ization spectrum has been made. In the investigation, a linear polarization degree was measured to extract the alignment depolarization cross section in the cesium 6p 2P3/2 level due to collisions between ground-level argon and excited 6p 2P3/2 cesium atoms over the Zeeman coherences. The spectra show strong depolarization of the Cs 6p 2P3/2 level. The measured alignment depolarization cross section value of 186 58 Å2 is in good agreement with the experiment and theoretical predictions. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.73.042713 PACS numbers: 32.80.t, 32.70.n I.
Measurements of collisional depolarization cross sections play an important role in gaining valuable information about the interaction between inert and rare-gas atoms.A key element in understanding collisional dynamics is the detailed analysis of the polarization of the emitted photons.In order to investigate the collisional cross section of the excited J=1/2 cesium atoms, by collisions with the ground level argon atoms, experimental measurements were made studying circular polarization spectra.Orientation in the J=1/2 level was optically induced by circularly polarized light with a positive helicity.A two-photon double-resonance (6s 2 S 1/2 →6p 2 P 1/2 → 10s 2 S 1/2 ) condition was achieved using nanosecond pulsed dye lasers, and the intensity of the cascade fluorescence was monitored in the presence of argon atoms ranging from 10 -4 torr to 100 torr.
An experimental investigation of the Cs 6s {sup 2}S{sub 1/2}{yields}6p {sup 2}P{sub 3/2}{yields}10s {sup 2}S{sub 1/2} double-resonance two-photon polarization spectrum has been made. In the investigation, a linear polarization degree was measured to extract the alignment depolarization cross section in the cesium 6p {sup 2}P{sub 3/2} level due to collisions between ground-level argon and excited 6p {sup 2}P{sub 3/2} cesium atoms over the Zeeman coherences. The spectra show strong depolarization of the Cs 6p {sup 2}P{sub 3/2} level. The measured alignment depolarization cross section value of 186 (58) A{sup 2} is in good agreement with the experiment and theoretical predictions.
Cross sections for relaxation of circular and linear polarization of 62P326^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}62P23​​ cesium atoms, induced in collisions with ground-state He, Ne, Ar, and Xe, have been determined by Zeeman scanning techniques. A fluorescence cell containing low-pressure cesium vapor together with a buffer gas was irradiated with circularly or linearly polarized 8521-\AA{} Cs resonance radiation, producing excited and polarized Cs atoms which became depolarized in subsequent collisions with the buffer-gas atoms. The resulting depolarization of the cesium resonance fluorescence was monitored in relation to buffer-gas pressure (0-10 Torr) and to the strength of the ambient magnetic field (0-10 kG). At low fields at which the nuclear spin $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ is coupled to the electronic angular momentum $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$, the measurements yielded depolarization cross sections Q(circ.)Q(\mathrm{circ}.)Q(circ.) and Q(lin.)Q(\mathrm{lin}.)Q(lin.), which agree within experimental error with theoretical values calculated for spin-coupled conditions. At kilogauss fields with $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ and $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$ decoupled, the experiments produced cross sections for disorientation and disalignment, which are also in satisfactory agreement with the appropriate theoretical predictions. The results indicate that the nuclear spin has a more pronounced effect on the collisional relaxation of the atomic dipole than of the quadrupole.
An experimental investigation of the Cs $6s\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{1∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6p\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}10s\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{1∕2}$ double-resonance two-photon polarization spectrum has been made. In the investigation, a linear polarization degree was measured to extract the alignment depolarization cross section in the cesium 6p2P3∕26p\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3∕2}6p2P3∕2​ level due to collisions between ground-level argon and excited 6p2P3∕26p\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3∕2}6p2P3∕2​ cesium atoms over the Zeeman coherences. The spectra show strong depolarization of the Cs 6p2P3∕26p\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3∕2}6p2P3∕2​ level. The measured alignment depolarization cross section value of 186 (58)A˚2(58)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}(58)A˚2 is in good agreement with the experiment and theoretical predictions.
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