Two-Photon Polarization Spectroscopy of Atomic Cesium Using Circularly Polarized Light

D. S. Fisher

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations

Abstract

Measurements of collisional depolarization cross sections play an important role in gaining valuable information about the interaction between inert and rare-gas atoms.A key element in understanding collisional dynamics is the detailed analysis of the polarization of the emitted photons.In order to investigate the collisional cross section of the excited J=1/2 cesium atoms, by collisions with the ground level argon atoms, experimental measurements were made studying circular polarization spectra.Orientation in the J=1/2 level was optically induced by circularly polarized light with a positive helicity.A two-photon double-resonance (6s 2 S 1/2 →6p 2 P 1/2 → 10s 2 S 1/2 ) condition was achieved using nanosecond pulsed dye lasers, and the intensity of the cascade fluorescence was monitored in the presence of argon atoms ranging from 10 -4 torr to 100 torr.

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Two-Photon Polarization Spectroscopy of Atomic Cesium Using Circularly Polarized Light

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Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations

OpenAlex

Abstract

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Collisional depolarization of Zeeman coherences in the 133 Cs 6p 2 P 3/2 level: Double-resonance two-photon polarization spectroscopy

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Depolarization of 6P322 cesium atoms, induced in collisions with noble gases

J. Guiry, L. Krause

Cross sections for relaxation of circular and linear polarization of $6^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ cesium atoms, induced in collisions with ground-state He, Ne, Ar, and Xe, have been determined by Zeeman scanning techniques. A fluorescence cell containing low-pressure cesium vapor together with a buffer gas was irradiated with circularly or linearly polarized 8521-\AA{} Cs resonance radiation, producing excited and polarized Cs atoms which became depolarized in subsequent collisions with the buffer-gas atoms. The resulting depolarization of the cesium resonance fluorescence was monitored in relation to buffer-gas pressure (0-10 Torr) and to the strength of the ambient magnetic field (0-10 kG). At low fields at which the nuclear spin $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ is coupled to the electronic angular momentum $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$, the measurements yielded depolarization cross sections $Q(\mathrm{circ}.)$ and $Q(\mathrm{lin}.)$ , which agree within experimental error with theoretical values calculated for spin-coupled conditions. At kilogauss fields with $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ and $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$ decoupled, the experiments produced cross sections for disorientation and disalignment, which are also in satisfactory agreement with the appropriate theoretical predictions. The results indicate that the nuclear spin has a more pronounced effect on the collisional relaxation of the atomic dipole than of the quadrupole.Cross sections for relaxation of circular and linear polarization of $6^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ cesium atoms, induced in collisions with ground-state He, Ne, Ar, and Xe, have been determined by Zeeman scanning techniques. A fluorescence cell containing low-pressure cesium vapor together with a buffer gas was irradiated with circularly or linearly polarized 8521-\AA{} Cs resonance radiation, producing excited and polarized Cs atoms which became depolarized in subsequent collisions with the buffer-gas atoms. The resulting depolarization of the cesium resonance fluorescence was monitored in relation to buffer-gas pressure (0-10 Torr) and to the strength of the ambient magnetic field (0-10 kG). At low fields at which the nuclear spin $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ is coupled to the electronic angular momentum $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$, the measurements yielded depolarization cross sections $Q(\mathrm{circ}.)$ and $Q(\mathrm{lin}.)$, which agree within experimental error with theoretical values calculated for spin-coupled conditions. At kilogauss fields with $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ and $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$ decoupled, the experiments produced cross sections for disorientation and disalignment, which are also in satisfactory agreement with the appropriate theoretical predictions. The results indicate that the nuclear spin has a more pronounced effect on the collisional relaxation of the atomic dipole than of the quadrupole.

Physical Review ADec 1, 197613 citations

We have experimentally investigated the anisotropy-dependent circular polarization spectra of the

^{133}\mathrm{Cs}

$6s^{2}S_{1∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6p^{2}P_{3∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}10s^{2}S_{1∕2}$ double-resonance transition in the presence of Ar. Satisfaction of double-resonance condition, achieved by use of a two-photon two-color pulse laser excitation scheme, was monitored by measurement of the intensity of the $9p^{2}P_{1∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6s^{2}S_{1∕2}$ cascade fluorescence at

361.73\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

. In the experiment anisotropies, namely, alignment and orientation in the

6p^{2}P_{3∕2}

level, were produced from circularly polarized light with positive helicity. Then, a circular polarization degree was measured when both lasers were circularly polarized with positive helicities, and alternately positive and negative helicities for the $6p^{2}P_{3∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}10s^{2}S_{1∕2}$ transition. From the measurement, we obtained the orientation-dependent depolarization cross section in the

6p^{2}P_{3∕2}

level due to collisions with ground-level argon atoms. A disorientation cross section value of 151

(42)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}

is reported.

6p\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3∕2}

level due to collisions between ground-level argon and excited

6p\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3∕2}

cesium atoms over the Zeeman coherences. The spectra show strong depolarization of the Cs

6p\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3∕2}

level. The measured alignment depolarization cross section value of 186

(58)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}

is in good agreement with the experiment and theoretical predictions.

Cross sections for relaxation of circular and linear polarization of

6^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}

cesium atoms, induced in collisions with ground-state He, Ne, Ar, and Xe, have been determined by Zeeman scanning techniques. A fluorescence cell containing low-pressure cesium vapor together with a buffer gas was irradiated with circularly or linearly polarized 8521-\AA{} Cs resonance radiation, producing excited and polarized Cs atoms which became depolarized in subsequent collisions with the buffer-gas atoms. The resulting depolarization of the cesium resonance fluorescence was monitored in relation to buffer-gas pressure (0-10 Torr) and to the strength of the ambient magnetic field (0-10 kG). At low fields at which the nuclear spin $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ is coupled to the electronic angular momentum $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$, the measurements yielded depolarization cross sections

Q(\mathrm{circ}.)

and

Q(\mathrm{lin}.)

, which agree within experimental error with theoretical values calculated for spin-coupled conditions. At kilogauss fields with $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{I}}$ and $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{J}}$ decoupled, the experiments produced cross sections for disorientation and disalignment, which are also in satisfactory agreement with the appropriate theoretical predictions. The results indicate that the nuclear spin has a more pronounced effect on the collisional relaxation of the atomic dipole than of the quadrupole.