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International Journal of Optics and Photonics

A Non-Demolition Photon Counting Method by Four-Level Inverted Y-Type Atom

Siamak Khademi, Samira Alipour

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The semi-classical model of atomfield interaction has been fully studied for some multilevel atoms, e.g.Vee, , Cascade  , Y, and inverted Y and so on.This issue is developed into the full-quantum electrodynamics formalism, where the probe and coupling electromagnetic fields are quantized.In this article, we investigate the full-quantum model of absorption and dispersion spectrum of trapped four-levels inverted Y type atoms, interacting with a probe beam of photons as well as two-mode trapped coupling photons.It is shown that the measurement of the maximum of absorption of the probe field and its detuning gives us simply the number of two-mode coupling photons, individually.An experimental setup for this non-demolition photon counting method is proposed and the numbers of coupling photons are obtained analytically.

DOI
10.18869/acadpub.ijop.11.1.63

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The semi-classical model of atomfield interaction has been fully studied for some multilevel atoms, e.g.Vee, , Cascade  , Y, and inverted Y and so on.This issue is developed into the full-quantum electrodynamics formalism, where the probe and coupling electromagnetic fields are quantized.In this article, we investigate the full-quantum model of absorption and dispersion spectrum of trapped four-levels inverted Y type atoms, interacting with a probe beam of photons as well as two-mode trapped coupling photons.It is shown that the measurement of the maximum of absorption of the probe field and its detuning gives us simply the number of two-mode coupling photons, individually.An experimental setup for this non-demolition photon counting method is proposed and the numbers of coupling photons are obtained analytically.
We consider a four-level atomic system in inverted-Y system and study the phenomenon of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in this system in interaction with three quantized fields (one probe field and two coupling fields) by full quantum model. The results indicate dependency of the interval between peaks and their altitude in absorption curve of probe field on number of coupling field photons’ that trapped inside the quantum cavity. In this paper a non-demolition photon counting method has been offered for two different kind of photons that belong to coupling fields that interact with an ensemble of four-level Inverted-Y type atoms and a quantize probe field by analytical calculation of density matrix equations.
Recently, the master equations for the interaction of two-mode photons with a three-level Λ-type atom are exactly solved for the coherence terms. In this paper the exact absorption spectrum is applied for the presentation of a non-demolition photon counting method, for a few number of coupling photons, and its benefits are discussed. The exact scheme is also applied where the coupling photons are squeezed and the photon counting method is also developed for the measurement of the squeezing parameter of the coupling photons.
Semi-quantum or full-quantum electromagnetically induced transparency has been fully studied for three-level atoms in a weak field approximation method, where probe field is very wea ker than the coupling field. The weak field approximation is no t valid in full-quantum model where the number of coupling photons is not so large. In the present article, the master equations for the interaction of two-mode photons with a three-level Λ -type atom are exactly solved and the exact dispersion and absorption spectra for the probe beam photons are also obtained analytically. The results of the exact scheme are compared with the corresponding results in the weak field approximation method in full-quantum and semi-classi cal models.
When the transitions connected by two nearly degenerate ground levels with an intermediate level in a four-level inverted Y-type atom interact with the same vacuum radiation field,which will lead to the quantum interference and create the vacuum-induced coherence.We find that the vacuuminduced coherence can suppress the single-and two-photon transparency at resonance and lead to single-photon probe gain at other frequency.Meanwhile,it is shown that the single-and two-photon absorption spectra can be drastically modulated by the relative phase between the probe and coupling fields.
The quantum dynamics of a hyper-Raman coupled model interacting with two modes of the quantized cavity field is described. The model consists of a four-level atom in a v configuration where transitions between the ground and excited states occur through the absorption (emission) of two photons from one mode and the emission (absorption) of one photon from the other and where two intermediate states are taken to be far off-resonance and are adiabatically removed. This is a multiphoton extension of the Jaynes-Cummings model and is exactly solvable. We study the atomic inversion and investigate the production of non-classical light exhibiting antibunching, violations of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality, and squeezing.
We perform quantum non-demolition (QND) photon counting on a microwave field trapped in a very high Q superconducting cavity, employing circular Rydberg atoms as non-absorbing light probes. Beyond realizing fundamental tests of quantum measurement theory, we use this QND method to prepare non-classical Fock and Schrodinger cat states of the field and to reconstruct their Wigner functions. Monitoring the evolution of these functions provides a direct observation of the decoherence process. Quantum feedback procedures will enable us to steer the field towards target states and to protect them against decoherence.