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انجمن اپتیک و فوتونیک ایران

Non Demolition Photon Counting by Electromagnetically Induced Transparency of a four Level Inverted Y-type Atoms

Samira Alipour, Siamak Khademi

Published Feb 15, 2014• 0 citations
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Abstract

We consider a four-level atomic system in inverted-Y system and study the phenomenon of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in this system in interaction with three quantized fields (one probe field and two coupling fields) by full quantum model. The results indicate dependency of the interval between peaks and their altitude in absorption curve of probe field on number of coupling field photons’ that trapped inside the quantum cavity. In this paper a non-demolition photon counting method has been offered for two different kind of photons that belong to coupling fields that interact with an ensemble of four-level Inverted-Y type atoms and a quantize probe field by analytical calculation of density matrix equations.

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A Non-Demolition Photon Counting Method by Four-Level Inverted Y-Type Atom

Siamak Khademi, Samira Alipour

The semi-classical model of atomfield interaction has been fully studied for some multilevel atoms, e.g.Vee, , Cascade  , Y, and inverted Y and so on.This issue is developed into the full-quantum electrodynamics formalism, where the probe and coupling electromagnetic fields are quantized.In this article, we investigate the full-quantum model of absorption and dispersion spectrum of trapped four-levels inverted Y type atoms, interacting with a probe beam of photons as well as two-mode trapped coupling photons.It is shown that the measurement of the maximum of absorption of the probe field and its detuning gives us simply the number of two-mode coupling photons, individually.An experimental setup for this non-demolition photon counting method is proposed and the numbers of coupling photons are obtained analytically.

International Journal of Optics and Photonics•Jan 1, 2017•0 citations

Study of coherence effects in an inverted Y-type four-level system

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Atomic coherence and interference play an important role in the study of the atom-photon interactions. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is an extensively studied two-photon coherence phenomenon theoretically as well as experimentally. EIT is mainly observed in three-level atomic systems which causes transparency by quenching absorption of the medium. In this paper, based on the lambda type three-level system including energy level |1>, |2> and |3>, a microwave driving field is introduced between the excited-state energy level |3> and another excited-state energy level |4> to form an inverted Y-type four-level system. We theoretically study the two- and three-photon coherence in this system. The results show that the coupling field makes the probing absorption intensity at the resonant frequency have a very narrow line-width depression, i.e., EIT. The microwave field causes a dynamic Stark splitting of the energy level |3> and induces the Aulter-Townes double peaks. Their frequency interval is exactly equal to the Rabi frequency of the microwave field. The presence of all three fields induces wide window of EIT at the line center owing to the enhanced depression results. The transient evolution is also discussed to understand the optical switching process in the system. Our theoretical study will be helpful to get a deeper insight into the three-photon effects in multilevel systems.

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The propagation of a probe field through a four-level Y-type atomic system is described in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields, namely, the control field and the coupling field. An expression for the probe response is derived analytically from the optical Bloch equations under steady state condition to study the absorptive properties of the system under probe field propagation through an ensemble of stationary atoms as well as in a Doppler broadened atomic vapor medium. The most striking result is the conversion of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) into electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) as we start switching from weak probe regime to strong probe regime. The dependence of this conversion on residual Doppler averaging due to wavelength mismatch is also shown by choosing the coupling transition as a Rydberg transition.

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Semi-quantum or full-quantum electromagnetically induced transparency has been fully studied for three-level atoms in a weak field approximation method, where probe field is very wea ker than the coupling field. The weak field approximation is no t valid in full-quantum model where the number of coupling photons is not so large. In the present article, the master equations for the interaction of two-mode photons with a three-level Λ -type atom are exactly solved and the exact dispersion and absorption spectra for the probe beam photons are also obtained analytically. The results of the exact scheme are compared with the corresponding results in the weak field approximation method in full-quantum and semi-classi cal models.

•Jan 1, 2015•2 citations

Electromagnetically induced absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency in an optical-radio two-photon coupling configuration

Lianshui Zhang, Xiaoli Li, Wang Jian +5 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance is obtained in a well-studied lambda three level system where an optical coupling field and a probing field interact with two optical transitions. However, both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and EIT can be obtained in a modified quasi-lambda four level system consisting of an optical-radio two-photon coupling field and a probing field. By solving the density matrix equation of motion, a physical account of EIA and EIT is given in terms of a dressed state picture. It can be seen that the optical coupling field in this quasi-lambda four level system has a crucial effect on the forming of EIA and EIT. An EIA is observed under a resonant optical coupling and it evolves into an EIT when there is a detuning. Furthermore, the width of EIA or EIT increases as the optical coupling Rabi frequency increases.

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Arindam Ghosh, Khairul Islam, Suman Mondal +3 more

Abstract Coherent probe field (L A ) propagation through an eight-level inverted Y-type atomic system, in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields termed the field L C (control or pump field) and the field L B (repump field), is investigated by using the parameters of 87 Rb 5 S 1 / 2 → 5 P 3 / 2 → 7 S 1 / 2 transitions. The system has two ground energy levels, four intermediate energy levels, and two uppermost energy levels. A theoretical model based on the density matrix method is used for numerical simulation of the probe response under different conditions. Simulated probe absorption spectra under a Doppler-free condition as well as under thermal averaging exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The position and line shape of this EIT profile change with different detunings of the control and repump fields. When the three coherent fields share a common level, a funnel-like EIT window appears in the simulated probe absorption curve. Velocity selective optically pumped absorption peaks are seen in the simulated probe response at room temperature.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•May 22, 2018•10 citations
We consider a four-level atomic system in inverted-Y system and study the phenomenon of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in this system in interaction with three quantized fields (one probe field and two coupling fields) by full quantum model. The results indicate dependency of the interval between peaks and their altitude in absorption curve of probe field on number of coupling field photons’ that trapped inside the quantum cavity. In this paper a non-demolition photon counting method has been offered for two different kind of photons that belong to coupling fields that interact with an ensemble of four-level Inverted-Y type atoms and a quantize probe field by analytical calculation of density matrix equations.
The semi-classical model of atomfield interaction has been fully studied for some multilevel atoms, e.g.Vee, , Cascade  , Y, and inverted Y and so on.This issue is developed into the full-quantum electrodynamics formalism, where the probe and coupling electromagnetic fields are quantized.In this article, we investigate the full-quantum model of absorption and dispersion spectrum of trapped four-levels inverted Y type atoms, interacting with a probe beam of photons as well as two-mode trapped coupling photons.It is shown that the measurement of the maximum of absorption of the probe field and its detuning gives us simply the number of two-mode coupling photons, individually.An experimental setup for this non-demolition photon counting method is proposed and the numbers of coupling photons are obtained analytically.
Atomic coherence and interference play an important role in the study of the atom-photon interactions. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is an extensively studied two-photon coherence phenomenon theoretically as well as experimentally. EIT is mainly observed in three-level atomic systems which causes transparency by quenching absorption of the medium. In this paper, based on the lambda type three-level system including energy level |1>, |2> and |3>, a microwave driving field is introduced between the excited-state energy level |3> and another excited-state energy level |4> to form an inverted Y-type four-level system. We theoretically study the two- and three-photon coherence in this system. The results show that the coupling field makes the probing absorption intensity at the resonant frequency have a very narrow line-width depression, i.e., EIT. The microwave field causes a dynamic Stark splitting of the energy level |3> and induces the Aulter-Townes double peaks. Their frequency interval is exactly equal to the Rabi frequency of the microwave field. The presence of all three fields induces wide window of EIT at the line center owing to the enhanced depression results. The transient evolution is also discussed to understand the optical switching process in the system. Our theoretical study will be helpful to get a deeper insight into the three-photon effects in multilevel systems.
The propagation of a probe field through a four-level Y-type atomic system is described in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields, namely, the control field and the coupling field. An expression for the probe response is derived analytically from the optical Bloch equations under steady state condition to study the absorptive properties of the system under probe field propagation through an ensemble of stationary atoms as well as in a Doppler broadened atomic vapor medium. The most striking result is the conversion of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) into electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) as we start switching from weak probe regime to strong probe regime. The dependence of this conversion on residual Doppler averaging due to wavelength mismatch is also shown by choosing the coupling transition as a Rydberg transition.
Semi-quantum or full-quantum electromagnetically induced transparency has been fully studied for three-level atoms in a weak field approximation method, where probe field is very wea ker than the coupling field. The weak field approximation is no t valid in full-quantum model where the number of coupling photons is not so large. In the present article, the master equations for the interaction of two-mode photons with a three-level Λ -type atom are exactly solved and the exact dispersion and absorption spectra for the probe beam photons are also obtained analytically. The results of the exact scheme are compared with the corresponding results in the weak field approximation method in full-quantum and semi-classi cal models.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance is obtained in a well-studied lambda three level system where an optical coupling field and a probing field interact with two optical transitions. However, both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and EIT can be obtained in a modified quasi-lambda four level system consisting of an optical-radio two-photon coupling field and a probing field. By solving the density matrix equation of motion, a physical account of EIA and EIT is given in terms of a dressed state picture. It can be seen that the optical coupling field in this quasi-lambda four level system has a crucial effect on the forming of EIA and EIT. An EIA is observed under a resonant optical coupling and it evolves into an EIT when there is a detuning. Furthermore, the width of EIA or EIT increases as the optical coupling Rabi frequency increases.
Abstract Coherent probe field (L A ) propagation through an eight-level inverted Y-type atomic system, in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields termed the field L C (control or pump field) and the field L B (repump field), is investigated by using the parameters of 87 Rb 5 S 1 / 2 → 5 P 3 / 2 → 7 S 1 / 2 transitions. The system has two ground energy levels, four intermediate energy levels, and two uppermost energy levels. A theoretical model based on the density matrix method is used for numerical simulation of the probe response under different conditions. Simulated probe absorption spectra under a Doppler-free condition as well as under thermal averaging exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The position and line shape of this EIT profile change with different detunings of the control and repump fields. When the three coherent fields share a common level, a funnel-like EIT window appears in the simulated probe absorption curve. Velocity selective optically pumped absorption peaks are seen in the simulated probe response at room temperature.