DETECTION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE OF EXCITED ATOMIC ENERGY LEVELS. STRUCTURE OF THE 6
sup3P
sub1 LEVEL OF THE MERCURY ATOM
We use Bloch oscillations to transfer coherently many photon momenta to atoms. Then we can measure accurately the recoil velocity
ℏk/m and deduce the fine structure constant
α. The velocity variation due to Bloch oscillations is measured using atom interferometry. This method yields to a value of the fine structure constant
α−1=137.03599945(62) with a relative uncertainty of about
4.5×10−9.