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IEICE Technical Report; IEICE Tech. Rep.

Design of SFQ digital circuit for photon number resolving detector using SNSPD

Sunsuke Takeda, Masato Naruse, Tohru Taino, Hiroaki Myoren, Jian Chen, Peiheng Wu

Published Sep 25, 2013• 0 citations
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Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with series-parallel meander-type configurations are demonstrated to have photon-number-resolving capabilities and are expected to be used for an evaluation system of single-photon generators and/or an energy-resolved fast detector for a new-generation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In this paper, we present the design, fabrication, and confirmation of correct operations of two kinds of single-flux-quantum (SFQ) digital readout circuits for an SNSPD with a series-parallel meander-type configuration. Assuming a six-parallel meander-type configuration, we designed: a six-level current discriminator using six different magnetically coupled DC/SFQ converter circuits; and a Δ-type A/D converter using a quasi-one-junction SQUID (QOS) comparator with an SFQ feedback loop. For the design of the magnetically coupled inputs, we used a 3-D inductance extraction program FastHenry and the designed circuits were fabricated using a HYPRES 4.5-kA/cm2Nb process and a National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) standard 2.5-kA/cm2Nb process.
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with series-parallel meander-type configuration are demonstrated to have photon-number- resolving (PNR) capabilities. Based on this unique feature, SNSPDs are expected to be used in the evaluation of single photon sources. However, increasing the number of SNSPDs causes an increase in the heat flow and further degradation in the timing jitter. To resolve this problem, the use of single flux quantum (SFQ) logic circuits is proposed. In this study, we present the read-out circuit for the SNSPD array, based on the SFQ logic. Our design of the read- out circuit makes it feasible to simultaneously process six SNSPD signals at 500 MHz and amplify the output voltage as an input to other circuits without the need for any amplifiers. We confirm using simulations that our designed read-out circuit has these capabilities. Furthermore, it is shown that the output voltage increases by 4.8 mV, proportional to the number of SNSPD signals and the output voltage is between 4.8 and 27.8 mV.