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URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference

An 8×8 CPW MKIDs developed for terahertz superconducting imaging array

Jing Li, Qing Shi, Jinping Yang, Dong Liu, Zheng Wang, Zhen-Hui Lin, Wenying Duan, Zheng Lou, Wei Miao, Wen Zhang, Sheng‐Cai Shi

Published Aug 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

China is planning to construct a 5-meter THz telescope named DATE5 at Dome A, Antarctica. This paper reports on the development of an 8×8 CPW microwave kinetic detectors (MKIDs) for the terahertz superconducting imaging array (TeSIA), which is an instrument proposed for the DATE5. The 8×8 CPW MKIDs, operating at 0.35THz, make use of TiN superconducting film of Tc approximately equal to 4.3K. The resonance frequencies of the MKIDs span the 4-5.575GHz band with an interval of 25MHz. The design, fabrication and characterization of the 8×8 CPW MKIDs are presented.

DOI
10.1109/ursiap-rasc.2016.7601377

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China is planning to construct a 5-meter THz telescope named DATE5 at Dome A, Antarctica. This paper reports on the development of an 8×8 CPW microwave kinetic detectors (MKIDs) for the terahertz superconducting imaging array (TeSIA), which is an instrument proposed for the DATE5. The 8×8 CPW MKIDs, operating at 0.35THz, make use of TiN superconducting film of Tc approximately equal to 4.3K. The resonance frequencies of the MKIDs span the 4-5.575GHz band with an interval of 25MHz. The design, fabrication and characterization of the 8×8 CPW MKIDs are presented.
Chinese Antarctic Kunlun Observatory is planning to construct a 5-m THz telescope (DATE5) on Dome A, Antarctica. Therefore, a THz superconducting imaging array (TeSIA) is being proposed for DATE5 to serve its scientific goals. We test an 8×8 prototype Al microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) array for TeSIA in a3He/4He dilution refrigerator. The resonance frequencies are designed evenly distributed in 4-5.575 GHz band with 25 MHz intervals. The responses of the MKIDs with different bath temperatures are measured and the Q factors are calculated. Detailed measurement results and analysis will be discussed.
Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs), just like a planar resonance cavity resonating at a microwave frequency, are emerging as a kind of high-sensitivity detector suitable for large format arrays at terahertz (THz) wavelengths. There are two types of MKIDs, namely distributed (or antenna-coupled) MKIDs and lumped-element MKIDs (aka LeKIDs). Various superconducting thin films (such as Al, TiN, NbTiN, NbN, and Nb) have been investigated for MKIDs. They do work so long as the detected photon energy exceeds their energy gap, but their response and noise behaviors are yet to be fully understood. Here we report on the design, fabrication, and characterization of distributed and lumped-element MKIDs made of NbTiN superconducting film. Detailed simulation and measurement results will be presented.
Abstract We have developed microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) consisting of dual-purpose rewound spirals (spiral-MKIDs) made of a metal nitride superconductor for terahertz imaging applications. An NbN-based spiral-MKID array with 25 pixels was fabricated, and the fundamental performance of the terahertz receptivity was evaluated at the equilibrium temperature of a conventional 4 He refrigerator (≃3 K). The microwave transmission property of the array showed the 25 resonance lines, equally separated by frequency, in the microwave range from 2.70 to 2.95 GHz. To evaluate its optical performance as a terahertz detector, we measured the spiral-MKID’s spectral response, response time, and noise equivalent power (NEP), and confirmed that it revealed a broad spectral response from 1 to 9 THz and an effective response time of approximately 80 μ s. The noise-equivalent power was estimated to be .
Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs), with high sensitivity and relatively simple frequency multiplexing, are emerging as a kind of large-array detectors in the terahertz (THz) band. An MKID, like a superconducting resonator, is composed of a planar capacitor and inductor that are made from superconducting films. The energy gap of the superconducting film for the planar inductor (at least part of it) is lower than the energy of photons to be detected. The kinetic inductance of the superconducting film irradiated by the photons is increased, shifting the resonance frequency toward a lower frequency. The frequency shift is proportional to the kinetic inductance fraction, i.e., the ratio of the kinetic inductance to the total inductance of the planar superconducting inductor. In this paper, we thoroughly investigate the kinetic inductance fraction for lumped-element and antenna-coupled MKIDs, which are both made from NbTiN. The detailed simulation, calculation, and measurement results will be presented.
Abstract We studied and improved the performance of a terahertz (THz) direct detector based on the superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) integrated with microwave readout for imaging arrays and other applications. A 6 nm thick NbN microbridge at the feed point of a twin-slot antenna is embedded into a high- Q quarter-wavelength coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator made from a 350 nm thick NbN film which is weakly coupled to a CPW feedline. THz direct detection was performed at a signal frequency of 0.66 THz at a bath temperature of 4.2 K. When operating at a low input microwave power level, the device acting as a microwave kinetic inductance detector with a kinetic inductance fraction of 0.45 changes the surface impedance of the resonator in response to incident THz radiation. The estimated optical noise equivalent power ( NEP ) is ∼0.23 pW · Hz −0.5 which shows about one order of magnitude improvement compared to that of the traditional voltage-biased NbN HEBs. The improved performance of the THz direct detectors with lower NEP and easy readout makes them promising in imaging with a large number of the array pixels.