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International Conference on Advances in Recent Technologies in Communication and Computing (ARTCom)

A secure approach of eavesdropper detection in quantum key distribution

Akash Shrivastava, Anirudh Verma

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Security in quantum cryptography plays a vital role in making the quantum cryptography system efficient. This paper proposes a new technology in which the presence of the eavesdropper is detected as he gets deceived by the sender to transmit a photon which is not expected by the receiver hence his presence gets detected. Hence provide a more effective method which will detect the presence of eavesdropper precisely and efficiently.

DOI
10.1049/cp.2012.2492

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Security in quantum cryptography plays a vital role in making the quantum cryptography system efficient. This paper proposes a new technology in which the presence of the eavesdropper is detected as he gets deceived by the sender to transmit a photon which is not expected by the receiver hence his presence gets detected. Hence provide a more effective method which will detect the presence of eavesdropper precisely and efficiently.
Security in quantum cryptography algorithms is one of the main research directions in the field of quantum cryptography. This paper proposes a new algorithm which provides two phase security to the quantum cryptography System. In the proposed Algorithm the presence of the eavesdropper will not affect the security of the system as the secret key bits are modified at both Sender and Receiver end based on the concept of prime factor. Hence provide a more effective method which will make quantum cryptography more efficient and robust.
Quantum cryptography was designed to provide a new approach to the problem of distributing keys for private-key cryptography. The principal idea is that security can be ensured by exploiting the laws of quantum physics and, in particular, by the fact that any attempt to measure a quantum state will change it uncontrollably. This change can be detected by the legitimate users of the communication channel and so reveal to them the presence of an eavesdropper. In this paper I explain (briefly) how quantum key distribution works and some of the progress that has been made towards making this a viable technology. With the principles of quantum communication and quantum key distribution firmly established, it is perhaps time to consider how efficient it can be made. It is interesting to ask, in particular, how many bits of information might reasonably be encoded securely on each photon. The use of photons entangled in their time of arrival might make it possible to achieve data rates in excess of 10 bits per photon.
Quantum key distribution protocols printed a prominent mark in the old path of digital communication by making it even more secure. Unlike its classical counterpart, quantum key distribution protocols exploit the key principles of quantum elements, such as superposition and entanglement, to expose the intrusion in an efficient way. This paper presents a prepare and measure quantum key distribution protocol that detects the eavesdropper more efficiently by inflating bit mismatch between the sender and receiver. The proposed work achieves bit mismatch up to 62.5 percent while Eve is present in the quantum communication channel. The improvement is remarkable in comparison with the classical BB84 protocol, which has a bit mismatch up to 37.5 percent in presence of Eve.
The interest in quantum-based security methods has been growing rapidly in recent years. New implementations of quantum key distribution and new network services supported by this solution are being introduced. The reason behind the growing popularity of quantum cryptography is its unrivaled security level: all eavesdroppers can be revealed through the application of the laws of physics. First of all, the rules of quantum mechanics ensure that any measurement modifies the state of the transmitted quantum bit. This modification can be discovered by the sender and the receiver. This makes passive eavesdropping impossible. Using protocols such as BB84, network users are able to send a string of bits coded by the polarized photons. After that, they can establish secure cryptographic keys through an unsecure channel using different key distillation methods. Major ongoing challenges include the control and management of security in systems using quantum cryptography, as well as tailoring security to specific end user's requirements and services.
Quantum cryptography exploits the quantum mechanical properties of communication lines to enhance the security of the so-called key distribution. In this work, we explain the role played by quantum mechanics in cryptographic tasks and also investigate how secure is quantum cryptography. More importantly, we show by a simple security proof that for any state sent by the sender, the eavesdropper can only guess the output state with a probability that will allow her not to learn more than half of the classical Shannon information shared between the legitimate parties. This implies that with high probability, the shared key is secure.