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Chinese Physics B

Optical bistability and multistability via double dark resonance in graphene nanostructure

Seyyed Hossein Asadpour, Ghahraman Solookinejad, M. Panahi, Elnaz Ahmadi Sangachin

Published Jun 1, 2016• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electrons in graphene nanoribbons can lead to exceptionally strong optical responses in the infrared and terahertz regions owing to their unusual dispersion relation. Therefore, on the basis of quantum optics and solid-material scientific principles, we show that optical bistability and multistability can be generated in graphene nanostructure under strong magnetic field. We also show that by adjusting the intensity and detuning of infrared laser field, the threshold intensity and hysteresis loop can be manipulated efficiently. The effects of the electronic cooperation parameter which are directly proportional to the electronic number density and the length of the graphene sample are discussed. Our proposed model may be useful for the nextgeneration all-optical systems and information processing based on nano scale devices.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/25/6/064201

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Abstract In this letter, the phase control of optical bistability and multistability in a ring cavity doped with a four-level graphene nanostructure in infrared regions are discussed. Due to the unusual dispersion relation in graphene nanoribbons, electrons can lead to an exceptionally strong optical response in the infrared and terahertz regions. We show that by adjusting the intensities and relative phase of infrared laser fields, the threshold intensity and hysteresis loop can be manipulated efficiently. The effect of the electronic cooperation parameter, which is directly proportional to the electron concentration and the length of the graphene sample, is also discussed. Our proposed model may be useful for the next generation of all-optical systems and information processing in nanoscale devices.
The solution of input-output curves in an optical ring cavity containing Landau-quantized graphene is theoretically investigated taking the advantage of density-matrix method. It is found that under the action of strong magnetic and infrared laser fields, one can efficiently reduce the threshold of the onset of optical bistability (OB) at resonance condition. At non-resonance condition, we observed that graphene metamaterial can support the possibility to obtain optical multistability (OM), which is more practical in all-optical switching or coding elements. We present an analytical approach to elucidate our simulations. Due to very high infrared optical nonlinearity of graphene stemming from very unique and unusual properties of quantized Landau levels near the Dirac point, such controllability on OB and OM may provide new technological possibilities in solid state quantum information science.
Abstract We investigate the behavior of optical bistability (OB) and optical multistability (OM) based on quantum coherence in a Landau-quantized graphene structure. Such a tunable four-level system is driven coherently by two coherent fields and an incoherent pumping field inside the unidirectional ring cavity. The influence of system parameters on the threshold of the onset of OB and OM is studied. It is found that one can efficiently control the OB/OM threshold intensity and the hysteresis loop by using the system parameters. The results obtained may be used in real experiments for the development of new types of nanoelectronic devices for realizing an all-optical switching process.
Abstract We investigate the coherent manipulation of certain optical properties in graphene under Raman excitation by using a density-matrix approach. It is shown that the absorption and dispersion, the group velocity, and the transmission coefficient of the probe field can be efficiently controlled through proper adjustment of the intensity and frequency detuning of the control field. In addition, the optical bistability (OB) behavior is explored for the proposed system. It is found that the bistable threshold intensity and related hysteresis loop of OB can be controlled by the parameters of the system. The results obtained may be used in real experiments for the development of new types of nanoelectronic devices used for the realization of all-optical switching processes.
In this letter, we show the possibility of controlling the optical bistability and group index switching in graphene under the action of strong magnetic and infrared laser fields. By using quantum-mechanical density matrix formalism, we obtain the equations of motion that govern the optical response of graphene in strong magnetic and optical fields. We found that by properly choosing the parameters of the system, the bistable behaviors and group velocity can be controlled. These results may have potential applications in telecommunication and optical information processing.
Abstract We investigate the dynamic characteristics of a Landau-quantized graphene monolayer system interacting with three infrared laser probe fields in a monodirectional ring cavity, and analyse the input–output properties of the infrared laser probe field under a steady-state condition. The results show that we can effectively control the appearance or disappearance of optical bistability (OB) or optical multistability (OM) by adjusting the relative phase of three coherent fields, the coupling field intensity, as well as the frequency detunings of the probe field and the control field. In addition, we discuss in detail the influences of the left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized component intensity of the control field on the behaviors of OB and OM. Our investigation may be used to build more efficient logic-gate devices to realize an all-optic switching process.