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Physical Review A

Polarization spectra of Zeeman sublevels in Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency

Shanxia Bao, Hao Zhang, Jian Zhou, Linjie Zhang, Jianming Zhao, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published Oct 14, 2016• 48 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The polarization spectra of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) for Zeeman sublevels in a cascade system with Rydberg state are demonstrated. The magnitude dependence of Rydberg-EIT on the polarizations of probe and coupling laser fields is studied, and shown mainly due to the strengths of relative dipole matrix elements between degenerate Zeeman sublevels. We further investigate the polarization spectra of Rydberg-EIT in the optimal polarization combinations of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized fields when an external magnetic field is applied. The existence of nondegenerate Zeeman sublevels in an external magnetic field results in the splitting of Rydberg-EIT. The theoretical calculations are very consistent with the experimental spectra.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.94.043822

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The polarization spectra of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) for Zeeman sublevels in a cascade system with Rydberg state are demonstrated. The magnitude dependence of Rydberg-EIT on the polarizations of probe and coupling laser fields is studied, and shown mainly due to the strengths of relative dipole matrix elements between degenerate Zeeman sublevels. We further investigate the polarization spectra of Rydberg-EIT in the optimal polarization combinations of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized fields when an external magnetic field is applied. The existence of nondegenerate Zeeman sublevels in an external magnetic field results in the splitting of Rydberg-EIT. The theoretical calculations are very consistent with the experimental spectra.
We demonstrate the magnitude dependence of electromagnetically induced transparency, in a three-level cascade scheme in rubidium, on the probe and coupling field polarizations. We show that this dependence is due to the presence of the degenerate magnetic sublevels and the strengths of their relative dipole matrix elements. It is shown that this can lead to modified absorption profiles when electromagnetically induced transparency is used for spectroscopic purposes. We present theory that is in good agreement with our experiments.
Employing two lasers as the coupling and probe fields which have opposite circular polarization (σ + and σ -), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in Λ-type Zeeman sublevels of cesium 6 2S 1/2F=3-6 2P 3/2F′=2 degenerate two-level system has been demonstrated via probe absorption spectra. The effect of the intensity and detuning of different coupling. Laser on EII was also investigated in experiments. Within the Doppler background, optical pumping among Zeeman sub-levels and the population of different Zeeman sub-levels can dominate the intensity of EIT effect. And the physical reason of the rugged spectra are presented qualitatively.
We have observed various $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra in laser-cooled 87Rb{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms of different laser polarization configurations. Unexpected profiles occur in the EIT spectra. We have found the degenerate Zeeman sublevels are responsible for these profiles. The experimental data are in good agreement with the results from the theoretical calculation which takes into account all the 13 Zeeman levels in the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system. Our study demonstrates that Zeeman sublevels play important roles in quantum interference phenomena such as EIT and amplification without population inversion (AWI), and should be taken into account in the analysis of these phenomena.
We have studied the high resolution spectroscopy of Rydberg state 87Rb in a ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) configuration at room temperature. A highly excited Rydberg atom is nearly degenerate for its hyperfine states but this degeneracy will be broken by an applied magnetic field, resulting in a spectral splitting in a coupled basis. In our ladder-type EIT experiment, we observed the high resolution spectral splitting of Rydberg atoms in an external magnetic field with two different optical polarization combinations of σ+ − σ+ and σ+ − σ− for probe and coupling laser beams. A strict theory has been set up to explain the observed spectral line position and intensity accurately considering the Zeeman effects of three EIT-concerned states all in the coupled basis. Specially for the Rydberg state, we can transform its wavefunction back into the decoupled basis for the spectral line assignment.
We investigate the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of 133Cs vapor at the room temperature in a magnetic field. In a cascade three-level system involved Rydberg state, two collinearly counter-propagating and orthogonally linear-polarized laser fields act on cascaded two transitions, 6S1/2 → 6P3/2 and 6P3/2 ↔ 47D5/2, respectively. The EIT window become broadening and split into several sub-EIT windows when the magnetic field is applied. The dependences of splitting shape and intervals of sub-EIT windows on magnetic field are measured experimentally and compared with the theoretical calculation considering the different magnetic effects on ground state, low excited state and Rydberg state. The splitting intervals of sub-EIT windows are well consistent with theoretical calculation.
We study Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of cesium atoms in a magnetic field. The ladder level scheme consists of ground (6S1/26{S}_{1/2}6S1/2​), excited (6P3/26{P}_{3/2}6P3/2​), and Rydberg (48D5/248{D}_{5/2}48D5/2​) levels. The relevant 96 relevant magnetic sublevels are coupled to each other via coherent coupling and decay. A quantum Monte Carlo wave-function (QMCWF) approach is employed to solve the quantum master equation. The simulated EIT probe-absorption spectra and their magnetic-field dependence are compared with results of a cold-atom experiment, in which we perform an in situ, atom-based measurement of a rapidly decaying eddy-current magnetic field. The EIT spectrum in the magnetic field has two dominant lines with a Zeeman splitting of 5.6 MHz per gauss, which are employed to measure the magnetic field. The QMCWF results show good agreement with the experiment, exhibit additional spectroscopic features, and provide insights into the optical-pumping dynamics, radiation-pressure effects, and the relation of these phenomena with the EIT behavior.