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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)

Cesium faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter with buffer gas

Junyu Xiong, Longfei Yin, Hong Mei Guo, Bin Luo

Published May 1, 2016• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We report a cesium Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF), of which the atom vapor cell is filled with argon as buffer gas. The result shows that, with the help of buffer gas, the sidebands of the FADOF are removed and a transmittance spectrum with one single peak is realized.
DOI
10.1109/fcs.2016.7563538

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The function and requirements of optical filter for different systems are introduced,whereby the distinctions of atomic optical filter in comparison to the traditional optical filter are presented and the development of atomic filter is summarized.Furthermore,a general model for calculating the transmittance of Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) is presented,which is applicable for both passive and active working modes of FADOF.It shows that the theoretical calculation match the experimental results perfectly.Also,we report the progress on the theory and experiment research of passive and active FADOF in our group.

Chinese Science Bulletin•Jan 1, 2010•5 citations
In this work, sidebands suppression brought by buffer gas argon (Ar) in cesium Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) at 852 nm is investigated. FADOF performances at different Ar pressures (0 torr, 1 torr, 5 torr and 10 torr) are compared, and a single-peak transmittance spectrum with peak transmittance up to 80% is achieved at the high Ar pressure. A detailed analysis shows that, this sidebands suppression comes from the depopulation enhancement by the buffer gas. This result can be generalized to other FADOFs with similar level structures such as the D2 lines of other alkali metal atoms.
Abstract A narrow linewidth Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) with reflection configuration is achieved for the first time based on the cesium (Cs) ground state 6S1/2 to the excited state 6P3/2 transition at 852 nm. Compared with the conventional FADOF with transmission configuration, reflection-type FADOF can greatly improve the transmittance of optical filter under the same experimental parameters, because it allows signal light to go and return through the atomic vapor cell. In our experiment, peak transmittance at Cs 6S1/2 F = 4–6P3/2 transition is 81% for the reflection-type FADOF, and while 54% for the transmission-type FADOF when the temperature of Cs vapor cell and the axial magnetic field are 60 °C and 19 G. The idea of this reflection-type FADOF design has the potential to be applied to the FADOF operating between two excited states to obtain higher transmittance.
The characteristics of the 852 nm cesium Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter with Ar-filled cesium cell under different signal powers are investigated. The transmittance spectra are measured by changing the input laser power from 0.05 to 10 mW (the irradiance from 12.03 to 2406.88 W/m2) and the buffer gas pressure from 1 to 10 torr. The spectra without the buffer gas are also measured. The results reveal the entirely different variations of the transmittance spectra for the cells with and without the buffer gas. For the cell without the buffer gas, the sidebands of the spectrum get higher and the bandwidth is broadened as the input power increases. However, for the cell with the buffer gas, the sidebands are suppressed and the bandwidth is reduced. A single-peak transmittance spectrum will be formed eventually. These phenomena are remarkable at relatively high pressures of Ar (5 and 10 torr), which may be very suitable for applications such as Faraday laser, optical frequency standard, laser frequency stabilization, and laser locking. The sidebands of the spectrum can also be used to restrict the high input laser power which may cause damage to the system.
The Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF), which has acquired wide applications, is mainly limited to some gaseous elements and low melting-point metals before, for the restriction of the attainable atomic density. In conventional FADOF systems a high atomic density is usually achieved by thermal equilibrium at the saturated vapor pressure, hence for elements with high melting-points a high temperature is required. To avoid this restriction, we propose a scheme of FADOF based on the hollow cathode lamp (HCL), instead of atomic vapor cells. Experimental results in strontium atoms verified this scheme, where a transmission peak corresponding to the (88)Sr (5s(2))(1)S0 - (5s5p)(1)P1 transition (461 nm) is obtained, with a maximum transmittance of 62.5% and a bandwith of 1.19 GHz. The dependence of transmission on magnetic field and HCL discharge current is also studied. Since the state-of-art commercial HCLs cover about 70 elements, this scheme can greatly expand the applications of FADOFs, and the abundant atomic transitions they provide bring the HCL based FADOFs potential applications for frequency stabilization.
The function and requirements of optical filter for different systems are introduced,whereby the distinctions of atomic optical filter in comparison to the traditional optical filter are presented and the development of atomic filter is summarized.Furthermore,a general model for calculating the transmittance of Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) is presented,which is applicable for both passive and active working modes of FADOF.It shows that the theoretical calculation match the experimental results perfectly.Also,we report the progress on the theory and experiment research of passive and active FADOF in our group.