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Physics World

Teleportation: who was first?

F. De Martini

Published Mar 1, 1998• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The article on quantum teleportation (January p5), which said that this phenomenon had been demonstrated for the first time by a group from the University of Innsbruck, is not quite correct. The first successful quantum teleportation experiment was in fact performed by our group in Rome. Our paper, "Experimental realisation of teleporting an unknown pure quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels" (D Boschi et al. 1998 Phys. Rev. Iett. 80 1121), was submitted in July of last year and published last month. The teleportation paper by the Innsbruck group, led by Anton Zeilinger, was submitted on 16 October of last year and published in December (Bouwmeester et al. 1997 Nature390 575).

DOI
10.1088/2058-7058/11/3/21

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The article on quantum teleportation (January p5), which said that this phenomenon had been demonstrated for the first time by a group from the University of Innsbruck, is not quite correct. The first successful quantum teleportation experiment was in fact performed by our group in Rome. Our paper, "Experimental realisation of teleporting an unknown pure quantum state via dual classical and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen channels" (D Boschi et al. 1998 Phys. Rev. Iett. 80 1121), was submitted in July of last year and published last month. The teleportation paper by the Innsbruck group, led by Anton Zeilinger, was submitted on 16 October of last year and published in December (Bouwmeester et al. 1997 Nature390 575).
Quantum teleportation is one of the most striking consequence of quantum mechanics and is defined as the transmission and reconstruction of an unknown quantum state over arbitrary distances. This concept was introduced for the first time in 1993 by Charles Bennett and coworkers, it has then been experimentally demonstrated by several groups under different conditions of distance, amount of particles and even with feed forward. After 20 years from its first realization, this contribution reviews the experimental implementations realized at the Quantum Optics Group of the University of Rome La Sapienza.
If you've heard the reports that teleportation has been achieved, and you're anxious about the implications for investments in the transportation sector, you can relax and instead look to physics futures for the payoff. Quantum teleportation as it currently exists involves the delicate dismantlement of an individual photon's quantum state and its reconstruction about a meter away. Although that may sound less exciting than the transport of starship captains from orbit to planet surface it should lead to new tests of the non-existence of what Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen called local “elements of reality.”
We report on a quantum optical experimental implementation of teleportation of unknown pure quantum states. This realizes all of the nonlocal aspects of the original scheme proposed by Bennett et al. and is equivalent to it up to a local operation. We exhibit results for the teleportation of a linearly polarized state and of an elliptically polarized state. We show that the experimental results cannot be explained in terms of a classical channel alone. The Bell measurement in our experiment can distinguish between all four Bell states simultaneously allowing, in the ideal case, a 100% success rate of teleportation.
An unknown quantum state can be teleported by using quantum measurements and the maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair. It is well known that the usual nonclassical teleportation that cannot be simulated by the seminal classical measure-prepare strategy can be demonstrated with all entangled states. Herein, we propose a benchmark which reveals that not all such nonclassical teleportations are truly quantum mechanical. Rather, there exists a more robust classical-teleportation model, which includes the measure-prepare mimicry as a special case, that can describe certain nonclassical teleportations. Invalidating such a general classical model indicates genuine quantum teleportation wherein both the pair state and the measurement are truly quantum mechanical. We prove that EPR steering empowers genuine quantum teleportations, rather than entanglement. The benchmark can be readily used in practical experiments for ensuring that genuine quantum teleportation is implemented. The results presented herein provide strict criteria for implementing quantum-information processing where genuine quantum teleportation is indispensable.