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[The concepts of quantum theory can be introduced into psychophysiology].

Shuĭkin Nn

Published Nov 1, 1998• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

There are some ideas in the quantum mechanics, which may be assimilated by psychophysiology. The concept of interference alternatives, advanced by Richard Feynman, may extend the subject matter of the notion of need. The quantum theory assumes virtual transitions. The idea of the physical virtual process may be the rational basis for subjective reality.

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There are some ideas in the quantum mechanics, which may be assimilated by psychophysiology. The concept of interference alternatives, advanced by Richard Feynman, may extend the subject matter of the notion of need. The quantum theory assumes virtual transitions. The idea of the physical virtual process may be the rational basis for subjective reality.
An analogy is made with a dream created by a brain to reproduce many of the aspects of our observed reality as described by quantum physics. Among these are the quantum theoretical method of calculating probabilities by means of complex amplitudes, quantum statistics and the disturbance of systems by observation and consequent non-commutation of some observations. Arguments are made for the subjective nature of probability amplitudes, often called wave functions. Some paradoxes or conceptual problems are resolved or clarified, such as the Schrodinger cat paradox, the preferred basis problem and the anthropic principle.
In 1939, Richard Feynman, a brilliant graduate of MIT, arrived in John Wheeler's Princeton office to report for duty as his teaching assistant. A lifelong friendship and enormously productive collaboration was born, despite sharp differences in personality. The soft-spoken Wheeler, though conservative in appearance, was a raging nonconformist full of wild ideas about the universe. The boisterous Feynman was a cautious physicist who believed only what could be tested. Yet they were complementary spirits. Their collaboration led to a complete rethinking of the nature of time and reality. It enabled Feynman to show how quantum reality is a combination of alternative, contradictory possibilities, and inspired Wheeler to develop his landmark concept of wormholes, portals to the future and past. Together, Feynman and Wheeler made sure that quantum physics would never be the same again.
Quantum mechanics is basically a mathematical recipe on how to construct physical models. Historically its origin and main domain of application has been in the microscopic regime, although it strictly seen constitutes a general mathematical framework not limited to this regime. Since it is a statistical theory, the meaning and role of probabilities in it need to be defined and understood in order to gain an understanding of the predictions and validity of quantum mechanics. The interpretational problems of quantum mechanics are also connected with the interpretation of the concept of probability. In this thesis the use of probability theory as extended logic, in particular in the way it was presented by E. T. Jaynes, will be central. With this interpretation of probabilities they become a subjective notion, always dependent on one's state of knowledge or the context in which they are assigned, which has consequences on how things are to be viewed, understood and tackled in quantum mechanics. For instance, the statistical operator or density operator, is usually defined in terms of probabilities and therefore also needs to be updated when the probabilities are updated by acquisition of additional data. Furthermore, it is a context dependent notion, meaning, e.g., that two observers will in general assign different statistical operators to the same phenomenon, which is demonstrated in the papers of the thesis. It is also presented an alternative and conceptually clear approach to the problematic notion of "probabilities of probabilities", which is related to such things as probability distributions on statistical operators. In connection to this, we consider concrete numerical applications of Bayesian quantum state assignment methods to a three-level quantum system, where prior knowledge and various kinds of measurement data are encoded into a statistical operator, which can then be used for deriving probabilities of other measurements. The thesis also offers examples of an alternative quantum state assignment technique, using maximum entropy methods, which in some cases are compared with the Bayesian quantum state assignment methods. Finally, the interesting and important problem whether the statistical operator, or more generally quantum mechanics, gives a complete description of "objective physical reality" is considered. A related concern is here the possibility of finding a "local hidden-variable theory" underlying the quantum mechanical description. There have been attempts to prove that such a theory cannot be constructed, where the most well-known impossibility proof claiming to show this was given by J. S. Bell. In connection to this, the thesis presents an idea for an interpretation or alternative approach to quantum mechanics based on the concept of space-time.