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Science Technology and Engineering

Progresses of the Entangled Photon Sources’Fabrication

Wang Qing-yue

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Entangled photon sources are the basis of the quantum communication and quantum computation. To produce the high-flux, stable, effective source of EPR entangled photon is essential for realizing the quantum teleportation. The mechanisms and conventional techniques for fabricating the entangled photon sources are presented and the latest progresses of the experimental investigations of the entangled photon sources are described.

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Entangled photon sources are the basis of the quantum communication and quantum computation. To produce the high-flux, stable, effective source of EPR entangled photon is essential for realizing the quantum teleportation. The mechanisms and conventional techniques for fabricating the entangled photon sources are presented and the latest progresses of the experimental investigations of the entangled photon sources are described.
We report the experimental manipulation of five-photon entanglement. In the experiment, we first generate a high intensity and ultra-stable source of entangled photons and then used two pairs of entangled photons to produce a four-photon entangled state. After combining it with a single-photon state, we are able to engineer a five-photon entangled state. Meanwhile, by manipulating these entangled states, we have also successfully demonstrated the open-destination quantum teleportation, and a distant nondestructive Controlled-NOT gate for quantum teleportation.
Quantum entanglement is a peculiar phenomenon in quantum information science, characterized by nonclassical correlations between quantum states of subsystems in a quantum system. Since the proposal of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen, quantum entanglement has sparked intense debates on local realism. Bell’s inequality experiment established the nonlocality of quantum mechanics. Currently, high-dimensional quantum entanglement of both deterministic and random states can be realized in systems such as photons and cold atoms. Technologies such as quantum teleportation, quantum teleportation, quantum computing, and others rely on quantum entanglement to achieve effects beyond classical limitations. Current research focuses on the implementation of macroscopic quantum entanglement and its significance in fundamental problems of quantum mechanics. Quantum entanglement opens up a new paradigm for information processing with broad application prospects. It is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the nature of quantum entanglement and its advantages in information processing. This paper reviews the theoretical foundations of quantum entanglement, methods of generation and detection, and research progress in its applications in the field of quantum information. It discusses the important applications of quantum entanglement in quantum communication, computing, and sensing and provides an outlook on the future development prospects of quantum entanglement technologies.
Quantum entanglement is the most representative feature of quantum mechanics to classical mechanics. It is the delocalization, non-classical strong correlation among multiple quantum system. It has been developed for nearly one hundred years and a lot of methods of production and applications have been proposed. Aiming at the generation mode of quantum entanglement, this study presents two general preparation methods of quantum entanglement sources, including spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) and the preparation of quantum entanglement sources based on the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect. The principle, advantages and disadvantages of quantum entanglement sources are analyzed respectively. Finally, the research and application direction of the preparation method of quantum entanglement source are prospected. With the ability of preparation of quantum entanglement source, the application of quantum entanglement developed quickly, (e.g., quantum teleportation, entanglement swapping, quantum key distribution and quantum dense coding in the area of communication), and other area such as quantum computer, quantum imaging, quantum ranging and quantum clock synchronization. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of entanglement fabrication.
In this paper, we report a realization of synchronization-free quantum teleportation and narrowband three-photon entanglement through interfering narrowband photon sources. Since both the single-photon and the entangled photon pair utilized are completely autonomous, it removes the requirement of high-demanding synchronization techniques in long-distance quantum communication with pulsed spontaneous parametric down-conversion sources. The frequency linewidth of the three-photon entanglement realized is on the order of several MHz, which matches the requirement of atomic ensemble based quantum memories. Such a narrowband multiphoton source will have applications in some advanced quantum communication protocols and linear optical quantum computation.
Entanglement is one of the essential resources of quantum information and communication technology. Photons are the most popular and promising media to manipulate entanglement. In this review article, concepts and progress in the generation, observation, and characterization of entangled photons are presented. Starting from underlying theoretical concepts, a historical review on the generation of entangled photons is given. Particularly, recent results on the generation of polarization-entangled photons from semiconductor sources are reviewed and discussed.