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Journal of Shandong Institute of Light Industry

Analysis for quantum safety direct communication Protocol

Haiyan Wu

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The notion of quantum safety direct communication protocol has been introduced as a replacement for quantum key distribution.Ping-pong communication protocol deficiencies were put forward through security analysis for ping-pong communication protocol.CSS error-correcting codes QSDC and CSS error-correcting codes QSDC can resist existing quantum algorithms attacks.The conclusion offers a basis and criterion for determining the security of quantum direct communication and checking eavesdropper.

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The notion of quantum safety direct communication protocol has been introduced as a replacement for quantum key distribution.Ping-pong communication protocol deficiencies were put forward through security analysis for ping-pong communication protocol.CSS error-correcting codes QSDC and CSS error-correcting codes QSDC can resist existing quantum algorithms attacks.The conclusion offers a basis and criterion for determining the security of quantum direct communication and checking eavesdropper.
A quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol based on the hyper-entangled state is proposed to improve the efficiency of eavesdropping detection in an improved “ping-pong” protocol, in which we use the hyper-entangled state to detect eavesdropping during the quantum communication. In the security analysis, we use the entropy theory method to calculate the amount of information and compare the detection strategy of two QSDC protocols quantitatively by comparing the constraint between the maximal amount of information that the eavesdropper can get, and the probability that the eavesdropper is detected. The probability of being detected will be 50% in the original QSDC protocol which based on the Bell states if the eavesdropper attempts to get all the information, however, in the proposed protocol this probability can reach 75%, which indicates that the proposed protocol is more secure.
Ping-Pong quantum communication protocol may be employed to transmit deterministically information, so it has instrigued mang researchers. However, there are drawbacks on the security due to the symmetry of the employed two-way quantum channel. In this paper we propose a new attack strategy to eavesdrop the initially transmitted information based on the techniques of quantum error correction code (QECC). In addition, an attack strategy of Ping-Pong scheme based either entanglement state or nonorthogonal state is proofed and demonstrated, respectively. Furthermore, information obtained by Eve and the possible probability detected by the legitimate communicators are analyzed by employing information theorems. Detail proofs and analysis illustrate all previous Ping-Pong quantum communication schemes are insecure, i.e., the eavesdropper may obtain all available information without being detected.
In the paper the stack of protocols of quantum key distribution, based on the protocol with single qubits transmission (ВВ84 protocol), is in details analysed. Based on this analysis the full protocols stack of quantum secure direct communication on a basis of the ping-pong protocol is developed. The developed stack includes such basic protocols: privacy amplification, error correction coding, and quantum information transfer. At the same time developed stack of protocols of quantum secure communication is suitable at use of any variant of the ping-pong protocol as the base. The basic differences between stacks of protocols of quantum key distribution and quantum secure direct communication, which are caused by different purpose of these protocols, different types of the transferred information and accordingly different requirements to their security are considered.
The notion of quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) has been introduced recently in quantum cryptography as a replacement for quantum key distribution, in which two communication entities exchange secure classical messages without establishing any shared keys previously. In this paper, a quantum secure direct communication scheme using quantum Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) error correction codes is proposed. In the scheme, a secure message is first transformed into a binary error vector and then encrypted (decrypted) via quantum coding (decoding) procedures. An adversary Eve, who has controlled the communication channel, can't recover the secrete messages because she doesn't know the deciphering keys. Security of this scheme is based on the assumption
Quantum secure direct communication protocols offer confidential transmission of classic information over the quantum channel without a prior key agreement. The ping-pong based protocols provide asymptotic security and detailed analysis of the security level provided by each variant of the protocol is required. The paper presents a general method of calculation of the eavesdropped information as a function of the attack detection probability. The method is applied to the ping-pong protocol based on completely entangled pairs of qudits. The lower and upper bound on the amount of the leaked information is provided.
Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC) enables the direct transmission of confidential information through quantum channels without requiring prior secret-key establishment.This paper presents a simulation-based study of two representative QSDC protocols: the DL04 protocol and the Ping-Pong protocol.A MATLAB/Simulink implementation of the DL04 protocol is developed to model quantum state generation, random phase preparation, message encoding, transmission, detection, and Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) evaluation under ideal channel conditions.Randomness is generated using a Binary Bernoulli Generator, providing statistically independent and reproducible bit sequences for quantum state preparation.In parallel, the Ping-Pong protocol is analyzed in MATLAB under different channel noise levels and eavesdropping scenarios using performance metrics such as fidelity, QBER, and Security Bit Error Rate (SBER).Results demonstrate the successful implementation of DL04 secuirity check with negligible QBER using binary Bernoulli generator in an ideal channel and illustrate the sensitivity of Ping-Pong communication to noise and attacks.The study provides a comparative understanding of practical single-photon and entanglement-based QSDC schemes and establishes a foundation for future experimental implementations.