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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing

Effect of temperature on phonon amplification in a single-walled nanotube

Feng Peng

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The phonon amplification effect occurring in a single-walled nanotube was discussed,and the change rates of phonon population at different temperatures were calculated by using a time-dependent-perturbation method.It is shown that the optical phonon population increases nonlinearly with increasing laser field and the rate decreases as the temperature increases.At a definite temperature,the more intense the laser field is,the more remarkable the phonon amplification effect is,and a reasonable interpretation on this phenomenon was presented.

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arXiv:0904.2231•Apr 15, 2009•0 citations
The phonon amplification effect occurring in a single-walled nanotube was discussed,and the change rates of phonon population at different temperatures were calculated by using a time-dependent-perturbation method.It is shown that the optical phonon population increases nonlinearly with increasing laser field and the rate decreases as the temperature increases.At a definite temperature,the more intense the laser field is,the more remarkable the phonon amplification effect is,and a reasonable interpretation on this phenomenon was presented.
The temperature dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption (NNA) effect was investigated in an erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal using a 787.3 nm laser diode. The NNA effect was obtained in a temperature range of 15 to 400 K. An absorption peak corresponding to both the 4 I 15/2-4 I 9/2 and 4 I 13/2-2 H 11/2 transitions of Er3+ in the YAG at 400 K was displaced from that at 300 K. It is considered that the NNA effect weakened at high temperature because the absorption cross section decreased due to the shift of the absorption peak. In addition, the dependence of the NNA effect on the modulation degree was investigated. The characteristic of the increase in the incident laser intensity was almost the same as that for the decrease. It was confirmed that the mechanism of the NNA effect can be explained by calculating the rate equations based on an analytical model for a five-level system of the Er3+ ion. It is suggested that the NNA effect weakened at the low temperature because the number of phonons decreased due to the low temperature.
The effects of the temperature on the coherence time of a parabolic quantum dot (PQD) qubit are investigated by using the variational method of Pekar type. We obtain the ground and the first excited states’ eigenenergies and the corresponding eigenfunctions of an electron strongly coupled to bulk longitudinal optical phonons in the PQD. This two-level PQD system may be employed as a single qubit. The phonon spontaneous emission causes the decoherence of the qubit. We find that the coherence time will decrease with increasing temperature. It is an increasing function of the effective confinement length, whereas it is decreasing one of the polaron radius. We find that by changing the temperature, the effective confinement length and the polaron radius one can adjust the coherence time. Our research results would be useful for the design and implementation of the solid-state quantum computation.
We theoretically investigate the influence of the phonon-mediated coupling on the properties of the laser generated by a single red-detuned quantum dot (QD), where the QD is coherently driven and coupled to a microscopic cavity which can be engineered in a photonic band-gap (PBG) material. In the low-temperature limit, the phonon-mediated coupling is deleterious to the emission of photon into cavity field and the threshold behavior of the laser persists after the inclusion of the phonon-mediated processes. Without being engineered in the PBG material, if the damping rate $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ of the cavity is close to but smaller than the phonon-mediated spontaneous emission rate $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ of the dot, the photon statistics of the cavity field change from super-Poissonian to sub-Poissonian. The nonclassical effect can be achieved due to the phonon-mediated processes induced by the electron-phonon interaction and the off-resonant dot-cavity coupling. The nonclassical effect can be enhanced by the PBG material. When the effect of the thermal phonon is taken into account, the cavity field exhibits the super-Poissonian property. If $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ is much smaller than $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, the phonon-mediated processes can lead to the increase (decrease) of the photons provided that the incoherent pumping rate is lower (higher) than the effective phonon-mediated threshold. But, if $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ is close to or larger than $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, the emission of the photon may dominate the absorption process, strengthening the intensity of the cavity field.
The optical absorptions coefficients with considering the electron-phonon interaction were theoretically studied in square tangent quantum wells.The wave functions and energy levels are described in square tangent quantum wells by perturbation theory when the polaron effects were considered,and analytic expression for the linear and the third-order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients was obtained by the compact density-matrix method and the iterative procedure.The numerical results for typical GaAs/AlGaAs material showed that the electron-phonon interaction had great influence on the linear,nonlinear and total optical absorption,meanwhile the absorption saturation phenomenon was more obvious than the one without considering the polaron effects.Moreover,the changes of the total optical absorptions increased with the well width b decreasing or the well depth V0 increasing when the electron-phonon interaction was considered.
We study quantum optical properties of the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) by introducing the effective interaction between the quantized electromagnetic field and the confined electrons in the SWCNT. Our purpose is to explore the quantum natures of electron transport in the SWCNT by probing its various quantum optical properties relevant to quantum coherence, such as the interference of the scattered and emitted photons, and the bunching and anti-bunching of photons which are characterized by the higher order coherence functions. In the strong field limit, we study the interband Rabi oscillation of electrons driven by a classical light. We also investigate the possible lasing mechanism in superradiation of coherent electrons in a SWCNT driven by a light pump or electron injection, which generate electron population inversion in the higher energy-band of SWCNT.