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Acta Optica Sinica

Optical-time-delay effect of stimulated emission generated by two-step hybrid pumping

K Zhang

Published Jan 1, 1988• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

This paper studies the opticl-time-delay effect of stimulated emission generated by two-step hybrid pumping theoretically and experimentally. Using three-level model, we calculate the population density of exciting level as a function of time and Investigate the relation between stimulated emission intensity and delay-time of the two pumping beam. The best delay-time calculated agrees well with that from the experiment.

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This paper studies the opticl-time-delay effect of stimulated emission generated by two-step hybrid pumping theoretically and experimentally. Using three-level model, we calculate the population density of exciting level as a function of time and Investigate the relation between stimulated emission intensity and delay-time of the two pumping beam. The best delay-time calculated agrees well with that from the experiment.
Controlling stimulated emission is of importance because it competes with absorption and fluorescence under intense laser excitation. We performed resonant nonlinear optical spectroscopy measurements using femtosecond pulses shaped by π- or π/2-step phase functions and carried out calculations based on density matrix representation to elucidate the experimental results. In addition, we compared enhancements obtained when using other pulse shaping functions (chirp, third-order dispersion, and a time-delayed probe). The light transmitted through the high optical density solution was dominated by an intense stimulated emission feature that was 14 times greater for shaped pulses than for transform limited pulses. Coherent enhancement depending on the frequency, temporal, and phase characteristics of the shaped pulse is responsible for the experimental observations.
This paper describes a model and provides the mathematical formulation for describing the spike pulsing phenomenon observed in optically pumped three-level lasers. The model is based on the pumping of electrons from a ground state to an excited pump band from which they relax very rapidly to the excited laser level. With population inversion then achieved, laser action starts and repetitive pulses with decreasing amplitude are generated; the pulses then damp out and the laser output reaches a steady state as long as sufficient pump radiation energy is available. The equations describing the system in terms of the population inversion and photon density are nonlinear. However, approximations are made which permit the required relations between the transition rates to be established for such action to progress. The time variation of the population inversion and the photon density at the laser frequency are obtained for both the pumping time interval and the stimulated emission laser region.
Theoretical and experimental presentations are given of a drastic suppression, during the interval of the excitation pulse, of forward-directed optically pumped stimulated emission from a two-photon resonantly excited state to a lower state which is also coupled to the ground state. The effect is caused by a self-induced interference from the difference-frequency mixing field that is generated during the time that the excitation fields are present. Several other implications of this effect are given and some puzzling observations in other studies are noted and clarified.
The paper reports the experimental results on the temporal characteristics of coherent stimulated emission on the 3P0-3H6 transition of Pr3+ ion dopped into the LaF3 matrix while tuning of pumping frequency in the vicinity of the 3H4-3P0 transition. The generation pulse duration was found to be about 10 ns, and it was delayed by 3-4 ns relative to the beginning of the pumping pulse at the exact resonance. It was observed that as the detuning increased, the shape of the coherent stimulated emission pulse changed and its delay increased up to 10ns. A theoretical interpretation of the experimental results observed is proposed.
An analysis of a three-level system using time-dependent perturbation theory shows that two distinct photon-emission processes take place within such a system when stimulated optical emission occurs: one-and two-photon transitions. The two-photon transition consists of the emission of a stimulated photon followed by the absorption of a coherent pump photon. In three-level systems which possess a narrow pump level, two-photon transitions are dominant at high pump powers while the maser line is split into two lines due to the modulation of the wave function at an angular frequency determined by the rate of pumping. This might lead to the possibility of frequency-modulating the maser line. These results are extended qualitatively to include optical masers which possess broad pump-bands.