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Research of Group Key Service Initialization Based on QKD

Xi Luan

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

With the deepening of the quantum cryptography field research,video conference,networks games,stock trading and other dynamic group communication models put forward application requirements to quantum group key.In order to service these applications well,on the basis of analyzing the traditional group key manage-ment scheme,present a two layers of packet distributed quantum group key management model,design the quan-tum group key service agreement under this model,focus on the initialization phase of the agreement.Compared with several kinds of classic group key management scheme,this scheme's efficiency is higher in group key gen-eration and sharing,has certain practical significance.

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With the deepening of the quantum cryptography field research,video conference,networks games,stock trading and other dynamic group communication models put forward application requirements to quantum group key.In order to service these applications well,on the basis of analyzing the traditional group key manage-ment scheme,present a two layers of packet distributed quantum group key management model,design the quan-tum group key service agreement under this model,focus on the initialization phase of the agreement.Compared with several kinds of classic group key management scheme,this scheme's efficiency is higher in group key gen-eration and sharing,has certain practical significance.
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) networks allow multiple users to generate and share secret quantum keys with unconditional security. Although many schemes of QKD networks have been presented, they are only concentrated on the system realization and physical implementations. For the complete practical quantum network, a succinct theoretic model that systematically describes the working processes from physical schemes to key process protocols, from network topology to key management, and from quantum communication to classical communication is still absent. One would hope that research and experience have shown that there are certain succinct model in the design of communication network. With demonstration of the different QKD links and the four primary types of quantum networks including probability multiplexing, wavelength multiplexing, time multiplexing and quantum multiplexing, we suggest a layer model for QKD networks which will be compatible with different implementations and protocols. We divide it into four main layers by their functional independency while defining each layer's services and responsibilities in detail, orderly named quantum links layer, quantum networks layer, quantum key distribution protocols process layer, and keys management layer. It will be helpful for the systematic design and construction of real QKD networks.
Key Management techniques are exercised to distribute and update keys such that illegitimate parties cannot ingress group communications. Key management, however can exhibit information about the stream of group association, such as group size and the number of joining and leaving users. This is a threat to applications with confidential group membership information. This project proposes a new key management paradigm which a combination of traditional broadcast encryption and group key agreement which never reveals the group dynamic information to outsiders and achieves both forward secrecy and backward secrecy. It provides a secure key management model not only with public and private key but also two more keys called group key and session key. It is distributed to multiple user overtime. It also overcomes the limitation of quantum point to point key sharing. It offers reliability and convenience of use, as well as to introduce a secure and efficient key management technique for any quantum cryptography network in real time.
In conventional security mechanism, security services based on symmetric key cryptography assume keys to be distributed prior to secure communications. The core function of exchanging and sharing a secret key between two endpoints are the secure key management methodology which is one of the most critical elements need to be more concerned when integrating cryptographic functions into the system. In case the key management mechanisms is weak can lead to the vulnerability holes or a potentially fatal outsider attacks as the harmful effects to the system. Since, there is still no standardized architecture or protocol that can provide cross application symmetric key management services. Therefore, this paper approaches a secure key management model and its custom protocols to build Thailand quantum trusted network with offers simultaneous quantum key distribution to multiple user overtime. Consequently, the proposed technique has also overcome the limitation of quantum point-to-point key sharing. Based on the discussion of key management security requirement, deal with generic key management concepts and designing the new custom protocols to close the possibility loopholes, to offers reliability and convenience of use, as well as to introduce a secure and efficient key management technique for quantum cryptography network in Thailand where any communication services can take place.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a promising technique for addressing quantum threats. To enable easy-to-use cryptographic services based on QKD, we designed a cryptosystem that integrates classical cryptographic systems with key generation and distribution using a QKD network. The proposed cryptosystem comprises a centrally deployed cryptography management service platform and distributed key management systems. The paper presents the functional modules, main processes, interface design, and security requirements of the cryptosystem. This cryptosystem provides a secure and efficient way to offer cryptographic services for various business applications, such as identity authentication, application authorization and point-to-point or group session key distribution. By integrating QKD with classical cryptosystems, this approach can improve the security of traditional cryptographic systems by using the random and unconditionally secure keys generated by QKD. Furthermore, combining QKD with classical cryptographic systems can enhance the scalability of QKD and provide more efficient and cost-effective solutions for large-scale cryptographic services.
Secure communication makes the widespread use of telecommunication networks and services possible. With the constant progress of computing and mathematics, new cryptographic methods are being diligently developed. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a promising technology that provides an Information-Theoretically Secure (ITS) solution to the secret-key agreement problem between two remote parties. QKD networks based on trusted relay nodes are built to provide service to a larger number of parties at arbitrary distances. They function as an add-on technology to traditional networks, generating, managing, distributing, and supplying ITS cryptographic keys. Since key resources are limited, integrating QKD network services into critical infrastructures necessitates effective key management. As a result, this article provides a comprehensive review of key management approaches for trusted-relay QKD networks. They are analyzed to facilitate the identification of potential strategies and accelerate the future development of QKD networks.
As it has been recently proven that the public key-based RSA algorithms that are currently used in encryption can be unlocked by Shor’s algorithm of quantum computers in a short time, conventional security systems are facing new threats, and accordingly, studies have been actively conducted on new security systems. They are classified into two typical methods: Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). PQC aims to design conventional cryptography systems in a more robust way so that they will not be decrypted by a quantum computer in a short time whereas QKD aims to make data tapping and interception physically impossible by using quantum mechanical characteristics. In this paper, we design a quantum key management system, which is most crucial for constructing a QKD network and analyze the design requirements to apply them to Korea Research Environment Open NETwork (KREONET). The quantum key management system not only manages the lifecycle, such as storage, management, derivation, allocation, and deletion of the symmetric key generated in QKD but also enables many-to-many communication in QKD communication based on the key relay function and P2P communication to overcome the limitation of distance, which is a disadvantage of QKD. We have validated the designed quantum key management system through simulations to supplement the parts that were not considered during the initial design.