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Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology

Doppler laser cooling of chromium atom beam

Wentao Zhang, Tongbao Li

Published Jan 1, 2006• 1 citation
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Abstract

We have laser collimated a chromium atomic beam in one dimension using the Doppler laser cooling technique.The experimental setup was given,in which,the laser was tuned 5MHz below the chromium transition by an AOM,the laser was generated by a frequency-doubled single-mode Ti:Sapphire laser.We also modulated the results of cooling.By calculating,the angular divergence of the atomic beam was reduced from 4.5mrad to 0.9mrad.

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Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2006•8 citations
We have laser collimated a chromium atomic beam in one dimension using the Doppler laser cooling technique.The experimental setup was given,in which,the laser was tuned 5MHz below the chromium transition by an AOM,the laser was generated by a frequency-doubled single-mode Ti:Sapphire laser.We also modulated the results of cooling.By calculating,the angular divergence of the atomic beam was reduced from 4.5mrad to 0.9mrad.
In this paper,a size detecting system based on Laser induced fluorescence(LIF)is designed to measure the Cr atomic beam divergence of laser collimation by using one-dimensional transverse Doppler cooling scheme.Under the parameters of cooling laser power of 45mW,interaction distance of 24mm and detuning of-0.5Γ,we observe the angular distribution of Cr atoms(50%quantile) on the beam axis is from 1.07±0.10mrad to 0.46±0.10mrad by laser collimation.we also present detailed measurements of collimation angles over different laser powers and compare and analysis our results with numerical calculation based on the semiclassical model.
The technology of laser-focused atomic deposition can be used to develop the nanostructure transfer standard of length.The atomic laser cooling is a key technique in atom lithography.A theoretical investigation of chromium atomic beam in optical traps is reported in this paper.The Doppler and sub-Doppler laser cooling forces are discussed and some characteristics of these forces are shown based on the semi-classical theory.The simulation results indicate that the atomic beam can be collimated by these laser cooling forces,especially by sub-Doppler laser cooling force and can reach the Doppler limit 120 μk,relative horizontal-speed 13.87 cm/s.
Laser collimation of Cr atomic beam was studied using a transverse Doppler cooling scheme.Collimation occured for a laser detuned to the red side of the 7S3→7P04 transition.Many optimized parameters taken from repetitious experiments and calculations are given,and the misalignment between the probe beam was gotten and the collimation beam will lead to the artificial broadening of detected transverse linewidth.Finally the collimation result is got that the transverse divergence of Cr beam is 0.48 mrad,and the transverse temperature is 265 μK.
The linear-perpendicular-linear polarization gradient technique was used for investigating laser collimation of a gallium atomic beam in one dimension. The full angular divergence of the atomic beam was reduced to 0.3 mrad by operating on a particular electron transition at 294.45 nm. The transverse velocity of the atoms was reduced to 11 cm/s, which was about half of the Doppler cooling limit. The one-dimensional kinetic energy of atoms was reduced to 6 neV. The transition state exhibited optical pumping of the atoms by the cooling laser.