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Acta Sinica Quantum Optica

The Design of Optical Mode Cleaner for Entangled Optical Resource

Zhu Shi, SU Xiao-long

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In order to increase the entanglement of the entangled beams,we design an optical mode cleaner with three mirrors ring structure,which is applied to improve the beam quality and filter the excess noise of laser.The exprimental results show that the homemade optical mode cleaner satisfies the requirements of quantum optics expriments.

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Squeezed light is light source in the experiment of quantum remote sensing. A mode-cleaner, which can suppress frequency fluctuations of the fundamental mode and attenuate the higher order modes, is required for generating squeezed light. In this paper, an optical mode-cleaner with three mirrors ring structure is designed and its consequence on the suppression of higher order modes is characterized. And by means of simulation we optimize the parameters of the mode cleaner. The designed mode-cleaner whose bandwidth is 1.4MHz is able to reduce the suppression of the higher order modes by 12 dB. The mode-cleaner will be constructed and commissioned in the experiment of quantum remote sensing.
Entanglement source with high entanglement degree is the guarantee for accomplishing the quantum information transmission and process with higher fidelity. Continuous variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entangled optical field with quantum correlation of amplitude and phase quadrature is a basic and important quantum resource in the quantum information science area, which can be obtained by a non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) operated below the threshold pump power. Because of the limitation of the imperfect performance of optical components in optical cavity, we should find efficient methods of implementing quantum manipulation to improve the entanglement degree of the entangled state of light. Connecting NOPA1 and NOPA2 in series, the entangled state of light output from the NOPA1 can be manipulated by NOPA2, and the entanglement degree can be enhanced under certain conditions. To improve the entanglement degree to a greater extent, the structure of the NOPA1 is chosen as a half-monolithic standing-wave optical resonator with the triple resonance of the pump and two subharmonic modes. The NOPA1 is able to output the entangled optical fields with an entanglement degree of 8.4 dB, which is the highest entanglement generated by a single device so far. The structure of the NOPA2 can be chosen as a standing-wave optical cavity or a four-mirror ring optical cavity. According to the different structures of the NOPA2, we theoretically design two kinds of optical systems with two cascaded cavities and compare the effects of the two optical systems on the continuous variable EPR entanglement cascaded enhancement in detail. Based on the above contrastive analysis, when the entanglement degree of the input optical fields is 8.4 dB and the transmissivity of the output coupler is lower, the structure of a four-mirror ring optical cavity for NOPA2 cannot enhance the entanglement degree, so the optical system including NOPA2 with standing wave cavity structure and the optical isolator with high transmission efficiency is appropriate. When the transmissivity of the output coupler and transmission efficiency of the optical isolator are higher, the structure of the NOPA2 should be chosen as a standing-wave optical cavity, otherwise the structure of the NOPA2 should be chosen as a four-mirror ring optical cavity. We also theoretically analyze the dependence of the correlation degree of output optical fields on physical parameters. The results show that under the conditions of higher input and output coupling efficiency, higher transmission efficiency and lower intro-cavity loss, the entangled state of light with higher entanglement degree can be obtained experimentally. This provides the reference for obtaining entangled optical fields with higher entanglement degree in the future.
As a combination of laser technology and modern photoelectric detection technology, lidar (laser radar) has notable advantages compared with traditional radar such as high resolution, strong anti-interference ability, and good low-altitude detection performance. However, with continuous application in aerospace, military, artificial intelligence and other fields, lidar has reached the limits of classical physics and can’t meet the requirements in detection, measurement and imaging. In order to break the bottleneck, worldwide researchers have developed a new type of radar-quantum lidar, which is based on the combination of traditional radar technology and quantum information technology. Its main principle is to get imaging through squeezed light that is below the noise limit of classical physics and then manipulated by the quantum state to achieve imaging with higher quality. Quantum lidar in the paper injects quantum squeezed light to receiver end and uses quantum phase-sensitive amplifier technology to compensate the photon loss that caused by insufficient quantum power to further improve resolution. In the squeezed light, the generation of quantum squeezed light and detection theory are studied, the resonant cavity locking principle and balanced homodyne detection principle are analyzed, and a mode cleaner with narrow line width is designed to improve beam transverse mode quality of laser and filter high frequency noise. In order to reduce quantum noise and improve resolution, quantum lidar imaging system is developed and the theoretically derivation and numerical simulation results show that the resolution of quantum lidar imaging is 1.71 times higher than that of lidar imaging.
A mode cleaner optical cavity is a resonator that can be tuned to transmit a desired transverse mode present in the incoming beam, suppressing all the others. We present the optical design of a suited input mode cleaner for a small-scale Michelson interferometer, called SIPS (Suspended Interferometer for Ponderomotive Squeezing). The physical goal is to feed SIPS with a beam with a Gaussian profile, which also ensures a highly focused beam along the propagation axis. The SIPS mode cleaner has been designed to have a maximum circulating power of 130W, and to deliver a transmitted power of at least 2.5W in input of SIPS interferometer. It guarantees a suppression factor of at least 20 dB for every tested higher order mode. This work is framed within the implementation of a table-top optical experiment to test the broadband Quantum Noise reduction in the SIPS sensitivity curve, via frequency-dependent squeezing achieved by employing Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen quantum entangled states of light.
In this work, we emphasize the importance of properly designing a bandwidth-resource-efficient entanglement distribution system. In particular, we point out that inappropriate setting of wavelength demultiplexing channel bandwidth with respect to pump spectral width could affect entanglement quality. It is widely known that the photon coherence length can be made longer than pump pulsewidth by narrowband filtering so as to improve photon temporal coherence, however, the excess noise that accompanies narrowband filtering has not been studied. The use of narrowband sources of entangled photon-pairs avoids this problem but one needs to wavelength-multiplex many such narrowband sources in order to implement bandwidth-resource-efficient entanglement distribution. We show how to reduce excess noise while maintaining a high photon temporal coherence for a bandwidth-resource-efficient system that uses broadband sources.