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Journal of Hebei Normal University

A Scheme for Quantum Key Distribution Using GHZ States

Yan Feng-Li

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A quantum key distribution scheme using GHZ states between two parties is proposed.It is more efficient in that it uses all GHZ states in distributing the key except those chosen for checking eavesdroppers.In addition,each GHZ state carries 3 bits of key code,and it is proved to be secure.

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arXiv:quant-ph/0012056•Physical Review A•Feb 1, 2002•1,741 citations
In order to improve the efficiency of deterministic key distribution,a quantum key distribution scheme based on GHZ states entanglement swapping was proposed.By sharing a pair of GHZ states between communicators,Bob can deduce deterministic key from classic information which was sent by Alice who took entanglement and measurement operation.Compared with other scheme based on GHZ entanglement state,two GHZ states produced by Bob in the proposed scheme and particles are distributed not by Alice,but Bob.Security analysis results show that any eavesdropper can be found in time.The proposed scheme has high distribution efficiency in that all the GHZ states can be used to transmit information except those chosen for checking eavesdroppers,it can reach the distribution efficiency at 60% and simple to operation.
A novel secure quantum key distribution scheme using EPR pairs is presented. It has three distinct features: 1) it is very efficient. Unlike existing quantum key distribution schemes, this scheme uses all EPR pairs in distributing the key except those chosen for checking eavesdroppers; 2) this protocol has high capacity because each EPR pair carries 2 bits of key code while existing schemes carry only one bit of key code; 3) this scheme can be used for distributing a common key among arbitrary number of parties.
The characteristics of W state are introduced.The coefficients of W state used for quantum key distribution and secret sharing are proved to be uniform in symmetrical form.The corresponding quantum key distribution scheme via W state is proposed.To insure the security of the proposed quantum key distribution protocol, the receiver switches randomly the message mode to control mode asymmetrically.The security of the protocol is discussed.Quantum secret sharing scheme is accordingly proposed.And the security of the schemes is also discussed.Compared with the quantum key distribution and secret sharing schemes with Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ) states,the efficiency of the proposed schemes is low. The purpose of this paper is just to prove that some states except for GHZ states can be used for quantum key distribution and secret sharing.